| In recent decades, climate change has been increasingly concerned around the world. Extreme weather events which are induced by climate change have produced a tremendous effect on economy and society. The frequency and intensity of drought which is one of the important manifestations of extreme weather have been increased significantly. Rice is the most primary food of china and the world. Thus, The stability of rice production plays a decisive role in food security. At the same time, the drought resistance of rice is very weak. Through the research of rice drought risk and its insurance, on one hand, it is benefit for the quantitative measure of the impact which is caused by the drought to the rice, so that we can take corresponding engineering, biological, meteorological and economic measures to deal with. On the other hand, as one of the important parts of agricultural insurance policy, drought insurance has irreplaceable role in speeding up the recovery of rice production after the drought and stabilizing farmers' income.The essay which begins with the visual angle of climate change and takes the rice production of Sichuan Province as research sample, researched the drought risk of rice production and its insurance, including rates determination, willingness to pay, premium subsidies.Firstly, by Sichuan province precipitation and temperature data(1951-2009) from National Climate Center, the essay used sliding t-test method to analyse the relationship between climate change and extreme weather events especially drought. And then it employed multiple linear regression model to analyse the factors which influenced Sichuan rice production. Secondly, from the perspective of insurance provider, on the basis of Sichuan rice production and drought statistical data, the rates of Sichuan regional rice production drought insurance was determined with APH method. The different grades minimum premium requirement is calculated. On the basis of precipitation data from meteorological observation stations which are in Sichuan major rice production area, the rates of rice-precipitation index (spring) drought insurance and rice-precipitation index (summer) drought insurance are determined with normal distribution modal. Also the four grades minimum premium requirement is calculated. Thirdly, from the perspective of insurance demander, on the basis of 481 household effective questionnaires from five damaging counties because of the drought in Sichuan, the essay analysed the influence factors of farmers' willingness to pay for the regional rice production drought insurance and rice-precipitation index drought insurance with binary logistic regression model. On the basis of willingness to pay analysis, the essay used CVM method to calculate the four grade of willingness to pay of regional rice production drought insurance, rice-precipitation index (spring) drought insurance and rice-precipitation index (summer) drought insurance. Lastly, from the perspective of government, on the basis of determining the minimum premium requirement and the famers'maximum willingness to pay, the essay analysed the government's premium subsidies with risk-pricing method.The result reveals that premium subsidies ratio to the regional rice production drought insurance is between 76.81% and 81.08%, and the ratio will increase when claim account increases; rice-precipitation index (spring) drought insurance is between 55.06% and 81.75%, and the ratio will fall when claim account increases; rice-precipitation index (spring) drought insurance is between 83.41% and 89.64%, and the ratio will fall when claim account increases.The main results of this essay are as follow:(1) Since 1980s, in Sichuan province, the precipitation and the sudden change in air temperature which is caused by the change of climate makes the drought frequency increase obviously. The precipitation is one of the important factors affecting Sichuan rice production. The result of the quantitative analysis shows that:when the year precipitation decreases one millimeter, Sichuan rice production will reduce 11,000 tons.(2)The least premium requirement of regional rice production drought insurance is lower than rice-precipitation index drought insurance. The least premium requirement of rice-precipitation index (summer) drought insurance is higher than rice-precipitation index (spring) drought insurance.(3)Family farming number, rice production cost, family farming income and farmers'awareness of agricultural insurance have significant effect on farmers' willingness to pay for the rice drought insurance the main economic activity of the head of household only has significant effect on farmers' willingness to pay for regional rice production drought insurance. Also the family labor number only has significant effect on farmers'willingness to pay for rice-precipitation index drought insurance. The willingness to pay for regional rice production drought insurance is higher than rice-precipitation index drought insurance. The willingness to pay for rice-precipitation index (summer) drought insurance is higher than rice-precipitation index (spring) drought insurance.(4) Premium subsidies ratio to the regional rice production drought insurance is between 76.81% and 81.08%, and the ratio will increase when claim account increases; rice-precipitation index (spring) drought insurance is between 55.06% and 81.75%, and the ratio will decrease when claim account increases; rice-precipitation index (summer) drought insurance is between 83.41% and 89.64%, and the ratio will decrease when claim account increases.On the basis of analyzing rice drought risk and its insurance, the essay put forward corresponding countcrmeasures and suggestions from the following four aspects: reducing the rice drought risk, insurance premium determination, willingness to pay and government's premium subsidies. It mainly includes four aspects:(1) Preventing and dealing with rice drought risk with comprehensive means, such as water conservancy, meteorology, biotechnology, agricultural technology extension and agriculture insurance; (2) In order to make premium determining close to the realithy, risk zoning determination should take county area as basic unit. At the same time, it is essential to take the distribution of crop per unit area yield into consideration. (3) to enhance farmers'willingness to pay, the local government should increase the publicity of rice drought insurance, encourage the transfer of appropriate scale of land, promote rural labor transfer, and so on. (4) Make subsidy to rice drought insurance from the actual situation but the ratio should not be too high.There are three innovations of this essay. (1) From the perspective of climate change, the essay researched the rice production drought risk and its insurance. The innovation is on the selction of this subject. (2) The per-area rice production drought risk is separated from the total rice production drought risk with the method of API I, based on which the premium of regional rice production drought insurance is determined. (3) It is the first time from the perspective of drought risk and its insurance to research the rice drought of Sichuan province systematically which is the main rice production region.
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