Global Value Chains Specialization And China's Industrial Structure Evolution

Since the 20th century 80 years, the world market economy system to the convergence and information technology revolution provides a system and technical innovation to the specialization of labor, so the international division of labor has evolved into the global value chain specialization. The global value chain specialization has exceeded the traditional industries or complete product-based the international division of labor, the specialization of economic comparative advantage, economies of scale and scope economies from product to various fragments of the value chain and processes, has greatly changed the operating system of world production and industrial development patterns.Currently, the global value chain research in domestic and international main focus on the micro-level industrial upgrading of the enterprise, or upgrading on the industry or regional industrial of clusters, and at the macro level for the global value chain specialization to national industrial development and structural evolution from the perspective of the study remained weak. Meanwhile, a large number of open conditions on the evolution of industrial structure, which is still limited to international investment,trade and industry transfer as the traditional research tools, but not in time to absorption the global value chain as a variable included in the analysis. In this paper, based on relevant research, industry economics, institutional economics and classical division of labor as a tool of empirical research and normative analysis, comparative study and deduction methods, has tried to build a framework of upgrading of countries industrial structure in the global value chain specialization within the same logical structure.The paper tightly has centered the subject about the global value chain model of industrial development, the governance of global value chains associated with the industrial upgrading, the economics mechanism about the global value chain network, the global value chain evolution of national industries The mechanism of action, the mechanism and path of the global value chains effect the developing country industrial structure, Chinese industrial structure upgrading and industrial development strategy under the global value chain era. The paper argues that the global value chain basing on comparative advantage, economies of scale and scope of the economic incentives for specialization, it is only the international division of refinement to the product value chain processes and links, and the integration of global resources and markets to a greater productivity, is seen as the technical implementation of contemporary international frontier system; the global value chain is high-end network governance mode and an optional way of resource allocation such as common enterprise and market mode; the global value chain specialization integration mechanism has furthered international industrial linkage development and structural differentiation, the formation of developed and developing countries of the binary cluster structure, on the one hand the developed countries have gather ed R & D and high value-added services value chain and industry structure tending to service-oriented and technical pattern; on the other hand, the developing countries have concentrated the primary production value chain elements, which has caused theirs industrial structure to low level of the tendency of manufacturing; developed countries have gained the most value-added products by high-end value chain management, and successfully implementing the "structural block" to developing countries by technical forces and market forces through the integration mechanism; and harms the effect of the national economies in their upper and lower industry demand for joint development and innovation by the mutual support and configure the chain of the space gradient, weakening its industrial upgrading and independent innovation capacity, which has seriously effected the industry sustainable development in developing countries. If exerting the comparative advantage of developing countries, gathering and cultivating high-level production factors, moving a single step to forming the dynamic competitive advantages, and actively play a fast-growing local market demand for innovative capacity caused by the inherent feature, the developing countries, such as China, can break the global value chain "structure block" to promote the advancement of industrial structure.