The Impact Of Chinese Crop Biofuel Policy On The Food Economy And The Energy Security

The economic development leads to a high energy demand. During the 20th century, fossil fuels (coal and oil) existing in abundance and being exploited on a large scale were the main energy sources. The world development is currently facing two major problems. On the one hand, depletion of petroleum resources coupled with geopolitical instability in main producing countries led to an inexorable rise in oil prices could obstruct global economic growth.â– On the other hand, the environmental issue, raised by climate change, leads to a global awareness on the need to reduce production of greenhouse gases.Renewable energy, including biofuels that are the subject of this study are an alternative to fossil fuels. The objective of this thesis is to show the relevance of a policy that coordinates its commitments in the economic, agricultural and energy sectors. Unlike the environmental policies of developed countries that generate conflict between biofuel feedstocks and food, conflicts openly and widely decried by the people, China has focused to find and maintain a balance between raw materials of the biofuels industry and food security of its population. China has opened up an exemplary model which could be adapted in other countries.The study is based on:-A wide review of the literature currently available on biofuels, which to study the agro-industrial biofuels, upstream and downstream;-A case study of two other countries, Brazil and the United States, which initiated last few decades an industrial production of biofuels, in order to make a comparison with the situation in China;-A study of all political and economic tools which China has develop a biofuels industry to large scale agriculture while maintaining food competition with the raw materials for biofuels plant.The data used in this study come from the sites of various international agencies (WB, IMF, IEA, WFO, etc.) and Chinese data available on the official websites. The report contains an analysis of:-The presentation of Biofuels, with their drivers and motivations, advantages and disadvantages-A brief description of the sector in Brazil and the USA-China's policy on Non-Food Biofuel Crops Policy;-The industrial chain of biofuels;-The impact of the policy adopted by China on national energy security;-The impact of this policy on food prices.China was among the first states to propose and adopt a policy of sustainable development of the biofuels industry by taking into account the dangers of biofuels, which are:-Environmental impact;-Higher prices.The study showed that the policy adopted by China is beginning to bear fruit, leaving hope that it can serve as a model for other countries with adaptations and adjustments possible depending on the context.