Research On Resource-Saving Agricultural Technology Diffusion In China

Agricultural development has long followed a high resource-consumed, high environment-polluted road in China. Resource and environment issue become increasingly prominent and the sustainable development of the agriculture has brought great challenges, while rapid economic development in agriculture. How to solve the conflicts between agricultural development and resource-environment become a major issue, which is placed in front of the state and government. Development of resource-saving agriculture is the only way to solve the problem. Science and technology progress is the fundamental way to solve the resources constrains to agricultural development. Resource-saving agricultural technology diffusion is the key to develop the resource-saving agriculture. Only if saving technology is widely used would resource-saving agriculture develop better. But, at present, resource-saving technology is not widely applied in agriculture. Therefore, how to promote the diffusion of resource-saving agricultural technology is an important issue to solve in front of the government. The paper aims to study the diffusion mechanism on the resource-saving agricultural technology and to propose the countermeasures.The technical route is to start from the theory study and the present research, to divide the diffusion system into three subsystems, such as supply, intermediary and adopting subsystems and to do the theoretical and empirical study. Then the integration mechanism among three subsystems, diffusion mechanism and the diffusion models are designed. Finally, the better diffusion ways are put forward. Based on the logical framework, the paper studies the problem of the diffusion of the resource-saving agricultural technology systematically, which is divided into nine parts.The first part is the introduction, which describes the background, the purpose and the significance, the idea and framework, research methods, and points out the innovations.The second part is the theory basis of the paper, which defines the scope of the study and combs the theoretical basis. These include the theory of public goods, theory of natural resource value, theory of agricultural technology diffusion, the theory of household behavior, the theory of agricultural extension and the game theory.The third part analyzes the diffusion situation. It analyzes the normal way of the technology diffusion. The fourth, the fifth and the sixth part are the body of the paper, which analyzed the three subsystems of the diffusion. The fourth part analyzes the supply subsystem of the resource-saving technology diffusion. At First, it introduces the supply characteristics and the efficiency. Then the factors are analyzed which influence the technology supply. The major reasons which cause the insufficient supply are analyzed form three aspects, such as the dynamic mechanism, the investment mechanism and the operating mechanism. At last, the countermeasures to promote the supply of the resource-saving technology are proposed. The fifth part analyzes the intermediary subsystem of the resource-saving technology diffusion. Game theory and incentive theory are used to analyze the interest conflicts in the diffusion process of the resource-saving technology. The constraints of induced technology diffusion are deeply discussed. The constraints of each stakeholder are analyzed. The functions of the intermediaries are introduced and the efficiencies are evaluated. The sixth part analyzes the adoption subsystem of the resource-saving technology diffusion. The part analyzes the diffusion situation and the impact factors to diffusion as an example of water-saving irrigation technology in Henan. Logit model is used to analyze the impact factors of the farmers adopting the water-saving irrigation technologies. The decision-making factors of the community are analyzed. Finally, the suggestions are proposed.The seventh and the eighth part are the sections of mechanism design and the countermeasures. Based on the design principle of the technology diffusion mechanism, it analyzes the dynamic mechanism, the integration mechanism among the supply, intermediation and adoption subsystems is discussed. The diffusion mechanism of the resource-saving technology should be the combination of the induced diffusion mechanism and the mandatory. The diffusion mechanisms are designed of the resource-saving technology, which include the incentive, constraint and the protection mechanisms. Based on the characteristics of the resource-saving technology, the impacts of the market and the government to diffusion are analyzed. The diffusion models suitable for the different types of resource-saving technology are put forward. The eighth part is the suggestions section. Based on the series of factors to impact the resource-saving technology diffusion, the management policies and the measures are proposed to accelerate resource-saving technology diffusion.The ninth part is the conclusion of the full paper, which summarizes the main conclusions and points out the further research fields for the shortcomings of the paper.The article attempts to be innovative in the following areas.First, the perspective of the topic is fresh. Technology diffusion is different from technology promotion. The former is more concerned about the technology internal operation mechanism from the "source" to "recipient", while the latter needs more external forces. Resource-saving agricultural technology is the core and foundation of saving agricultural development. The resource-saving agricultural technology and agricultural technology diffusion are combined to study, which breaks the previous research vision and builds the foundation of content innovation and conclusions innovation.Second, research ideas are relatively new. Applying system theory, the resource-saving agricultural technology diffusion system is divided into three subsystems. On the basis of research of each subsystem, the fusion mechanism among the three subsystems is put forward. It builds "an analytical framework of the resource-saving agricultural technology diffusion research ". It provides a smooth, spread idea for the diffusion of resource-saving agricultural technology.Third, the conclusions are relatively new. Based on the obviously external characteristics of the of resource-saving agricultural technologies, the author proposes "to establish the incentives mechanism of resource-saving agricultural technology diffusion' "to realize that resource-saving agricultural technology diffusion should change from mandatory technology diffusion to the combination of mandatory and induced technology diffusion" and other point of views. These views have undoubtedly important reference value and practical significance to promote China's resource-saving agricultural technology diffusion and to accelerate resource-saving agricultural development.