A Study On Pollution Control Policy In China:Its Effect And Design

At present, China's environmental pollution problems become increasingly serious; the harm caused by the pollution is increasing. Environmental pollution even is a threat to the sustainability of China's economic growth. Continuing to implement and improve the pollution control policies is the imperative solution to solve environmental problems and improve people's quality of life and to avoid the environmental disaster of economic growth. However, the pollution control policy has not yet been unanimously approved, and control of environmental pollution is giving way to economic growth in many cases; pollution control policy in China is still more "extensive", the improvement is extremely slow pace. Therefore, from a theoretical and empirical point of view, research into the role and the design of pollution control policies is meaningful. The dissertation studies pollution control policies in China from these two aspects.The study of the role of pollution control policy in China consists of three parts. Firstly, the study of induce-innovation effect of pollution control policies constitutes a mathematical model and empirical analysis. The mathematical model proves that, as a pollution control policy, the reasons of induce-innovation effect of emission fees are that, the cost of pollution control is affect by pollution control policy and the monopoly profit and position of innovator is guaranteed by pollution control policy. The empirical analysis employing a sample of Chinese industries confirmed the defects of short of the ability in inducing innovation of pollution control policy in China. Specifically, the cost of pollution control has a significant negative effect on independent innovation and an insignificant effect on innovation. Secondly, the study of pollution reduction effect of pollution control policy is an estimation of the provincial panel data in China with the Between Estimator from the perspective of the Environmental Kuznets Curve. Basing on an assumption that pollution control policy is the key factor of time trend, the analysis proves that, the role playing by policy to reduce emissions can not be ignored, and the emission reduction effect of the policy is almost the same as the effect of income on the improvement of environmental quality. However, the emission reduction effect of policies arevaries with different pollutants. Contrast to control on discharge of wastewater, the policy is not successful in the control of wastegas and other pollutants. Thirdly, the effect of pollution control policy to promote sustainable development is a theoretical study from the perspective of economic growth. The theoretical analysis shows that, the effect of policy is not only to improve the static allocative efficiency, but also can improve the dynamic allocative efficiency of natural capital, and is even a key factor in guarantee the sustainability of economic growth. The research on the role of China's pollution control policies help to offer a direction to improve the design of the ideas and programs in the objectives and framework of the policy, such as one has to give up the idea that economic growth will necessarily improve the quality of environment, should consider how to strengthen the induce-innovation effect and how to ensure the effect of improve the quality of economic growth of pollution control policy from a global perspective.The dissertation conducts a preliminary exploration on the design of pollution control policy from interaction of different type of pollution control policies and environmental regulation enforcement. Firstly, the environment-friendly behavior is an important feature of pollution control emphasized by information disclosure this new type of pollution control policy, and information disclosure this new type of pollution control policies and market-based pollution control policies inevitably affect each other, in this case, the dissertation employing a Cournot model of a number of firms proves that, rely solely on environment-friendly behavior, or information disclosure is not sufficient to adequately address the loss of efficiency caused by the externalities of environmental pollution and the application of policies of market-based pollution control such as emission fees must take into account environmental friendly behavior and information disclosure, otherwise it may cause the loss of social welfare. Secondly, despite the complicity of the local environmental authorities and enterprises is an important factor for cheat of wastewater discharge and in report the emission data, however, the dissertation using a game model confirms that regulatory costs and fines usufruct are also important factors for cheat of wastewater discharge and in report the emission data. To help local environmental authorities sharing the cost of enforcement and giving more fine usufruct to local environmental authorities are important means to reduce cheat. Of course, the design of pollution control policies is a complex issue, and studies here are not enough.Over time, China's demand for pollution control policy will continue to increase, the target of pollution control policies, the choice of policy tools, and comprehensive application of the policy tools still needs further study. With the environmental pollution problem getting worse, the research in this area will help to solve environmental problems, providing people with a good living and surviving environment.