Characteristics Of Agricultural Development In Northeast China

China is a large agricultural nation, which has a population of1.3billion. Agricultural development question has been one of the world problems, which is the fundamental guarantee of Chinese life level and the material base to ensure the world security and stability. From the world agricultural development situation view, the scale, characteristic and specialization contributes to global agriculture trend. Its formation and development is the result of a natural and geographical location, traffic, land system, population and labor, social economic conditions, agricultural commercialization, market socialization, Characteristic agriculture, regional systemization and many other factors. Due to the difference of natural conditions, geographical location and agricultural development stage among countries, the form and key of regional characteristic agriculture development is different. Some developed countries agriculture largely depends on the regional comprehensive agricultural system development. Characteristic agriculture area is an important symbol of national agricultural socialization and modernization.China's agriculture industrialization emerged in the1980s, along with China's economic system reform. China's long-term urban-rural economic structure and agricultural production mode are difficult to adapt to the need of large-scale production and big circulation. A new suitable agricultural development system is in urgent need. In the1990s, China began to explore and practice regional characteristic agriculture. When China's agriculture industrialization development enters a new stage, China developing characteristic agriculture is the inevitable choice. First of all, China is a large country with regional rich resources, and provides necessary conditions for the regional characteristic agriculture development. Second, the new stage of agricultural development created tremendous developing space for characteristic agriculture development. China makes characteristic agriculture development as the important direction of business variety and the "three highs" agriculture. Characteristic planting, characteristic cultivation, characteristic gardening and other characteristic agricultural system are initially formed. The status of characteristic agriculture in rural economy development is increasingly improved. Third, the Chinese government put characteristic agriculture development as the important strategic means of agricultural industrialization development. The ninth " five-year " national economy and social development plan and the2010long-range target program explicitly pointed out that guiding area coordinated economy development, forming a number of distinctive economic area, promoting national economic layout rationalization. Since2005, the NO.1central document has clearly pointed out that playing area comparative advantage, building agricultural products industry and developing characteristic agriculture are needed. More than20years of characteristic agriculture development theory and practice shows that the characteristic agriculture is an important component of China's national economy development framework. Local characteristic agriculture development has important significance for promoting China regional economy, increasing farmers' income and promoting agricultural and rural economy sustainable development.The northeast region of China is always a crucial area for the development of the agriculture of China. Based on the unique climate and resource, agriculture gradually advances in the development of local economy and make the northeast region of China become an important and main grain-planting area in China. In this area, there are abundant characteristic agriculture products, for instance, mushroom, fruit, vegetable, soybean, maize, ginseng, pilose antler, sea cucumber, promoting the developing of the characteristic agricultural economy. However, due to the restriction of low level of overall agriculture mechanism and modernization, defect of land system, the flaw of organization mode of production in rural area and the lack of farmer's quality and ability, the development of industrialization of characteristic agriculture in the northeast region of China still has a long way to reach the level of developed country. The overall competitiveness of the characteristic agricultural products produced in the northeast region is not strong in the global market and the elementarily agricultural products compared to the deep processing products are much more, leading to the prominent price scissors and the coexistence of advantages and risks in the development of characteristic agriculture.On account of the knowledge before, combining the reality of the development of both the agriculture and rural economy and basing on the analysis of the particularity of the development of agricultural economy in the northeast region of China, this dissertation attempts to sum up the features and the connotation of the characteristic agriculture development in the northeast region from the respects of characteristic agricultural products, land system, agricultural producing mode, the organization mode of agricultural producing and opening-up agriculture and analyze many factors of barriers obstructing the development of characteristic agriculture in the northeast region from the prospects of system, market, operation and global market. Furthermore, this dissertation gives the countermeasures including exploitation of the characteristic agriculture products, the improvement of management system, reform of land-using system, establishment of the cooperation system of farmers and the modernization of producing mode.The new creations of the dissertation are as follow:firstly, the research angle is unique. On account of the regional characteristic agriculture theory, the dissertation probes into the characteristic agriculture development system in the northeast region which is seldom in the relative research area. Secondly, the frame and system of this dissertation is certainly creative. Basing on the relative domestic and foreign regional characteristic agriculture theory and practice, this dissertation put forward that the development of characteristic agriculture is not only the singly development of characteristic agricultural products but also the comprehensive development of the characteristic agricultural products, market mechanism, land system, producing mode and producing organization. Thirdly, the countermeasure and suggestions are of guiding significance for the reality. The dissertation manifests the core course of the characteristic agriculture system is the innovation of the producing organization mode. In other words, deepening specialized cooperation of farmers and improvement of organization mode push the reform of current land system, the scale expanding of characteristic agriculture, the development of mechanize and modernization, the enforcing of relative national policies, the enhance of the quality and scale of farmers in the northeast region of China and so on.