Study On The Sustainability Of Project And Its Assessment

With the increasingly great attention to sustainable development in the world, it has achieved remarkable progress in the theory and practice of sustainable development by now. However, there is a problem that the progress above is not balanced between macro-sphere and micro-sphere at present, the researchers on sustainable development (especially on the theory of assessment of sustainable development) devote more attention to the macro-sphere or medium-sphere issues than the micro-sphere (such as construction projects). The current systems of project evaluation, both feasibility study and environment impact assessment, are not the systems based entirely on the idea and theory of sustainable development, not in keeping with demands of sustainable development, can not inform us what the sustainability level of an assessed object is. To counter the situation above, the concept of the sustainability of construction project and its assessment system ware studied systematically in this dissertation in order to guiding construction project with the theory of sustainable development and to impelling project construction to serve for sustainable development strategy.A definition of the sustainability of construction project was given out as follow by means of analysis of the current concepts and substances of sustainable development. It means a level to which a construction project can approach or reach with the standard that the construction project satisfies the demands of present generation and does not weaken the capability for future generations to satisfy their demands, during the whole life cycle within which the construction project works. The substance of the sustainability is composed of the effect of project upon environment, the cleanness of technology, the rationalization of economy, and the fairness of society according to the definition. On the basis of the substance, an assessment pattern of the sustainability of construction project was set forward.In the aspect of assessment to the effect of project upon environment, the environmental capacity, the key of the effect of project upon environment, was discussed. It was reached by the discussion that environmental capacity shows interrelationship between environment and economic development, and reflects directly the capability to support construction project and the effect of construction project on environment. The principle and calculating method of Ecological Foot theory were expounded. Then it was brought forth to apply the ecological foot of constructionproject to measure the effect of project upon environmental capability.In the aspect of assessment to the cleanness of technology employed by project, the term, cleanness of technology, was drawn from the patterns of Cleaner Production at first. The basic principles of Industrial Ecology and the ideal patterns of realizing the cleanness of technology were set forth. That the Reducing, Reusing and Recycling are efficient way toward the cleanness of technology was indicated from those principles and patterns, and three present models of realizing the cleanness of technology were also introduced. Based on the basic principles of Industrial Ecology and 3R, an index system to assess the cleanness of technology employed by project and its synthetic method were established in this chapter.In the aspect of assessment to the economic rationalization of project, the concepts of environment and natural resource were studied, the concepts of environment-resource value and the composition of the value were analyzed theoretically first of all. After a brief introduction to three kinds of environmental economics methods (market value approach, surrogate market approach and hypothetical market approach), an elaboration on Emergy theory was given, including its basic concepts, principal and analyzing method. Three environmental economics methods have not objective and identical standard of valuation, but emergy method does, therefore a full-benefit-cost model of project economy assessment, as a new approach to assess the economic rationalization of project, was created by the application of emergy theory.In the aspect of assessment to the fairness of society, introduced mainly present research in the fairness of inter-generations, analyzed the difference between current project society assessment and the assessment to social fairness of construction project. A basic conception of the assessment to social fairness of construction project was put forward.