The Research On The Correlativity Of Generalized Capital Input And Technological Innovation Ability

Many experts and scholars, in the field of economic theories home and abroad, have carried out comprehensive and in-depth research on capital and technological factors, which play important role in the economic growth process. However, their research usually focus on the relationship between factor input (such as capital, technology and so on) and economic increase, or consummating the capital and technological innovation theories through discussing capital and technological innovation itself; thus the research on the correlativity of generalized capital (material capital, R&D capital and manpower capital) input and technological innovation ability belongs to the weak domain of existing economic theories.The theoretical basis of this dissertation covers the following related theories: material capital, manpower capital, economic growth, and technological innovation, and its content also unites capital theory, economic growth theory and technological theory, mainly as follows: first, introducing the concept of generalized capital involving material capital, R&D capital and manpower capital, and revealing the interrelationship and transmission mechanism between generalized capital input and technological innovation; secondly, measuring and analyzing the investment level of generalized capital in China; thirdly, establishing a model to evaluate technological innovation ability and estimating that of China; fourthly, analyzing China' technological innovation ability and its composition, imitating its growth function, calculating its factor contribution rate, and comparing this ability internationally; fifthly, employing the theories and software of econometrics and mathematical statistics, analyzing and testing the above-mentioned correlativity and causality, and then drawing the conclusion.This paper holds that there is interrelationship between capital and technology: generalized capital input strengthens technological innovation ability through corresponding transmission mechanism while promoting economic growth. The basic transmission approach concerning how material capital input enhances technological innovation ability is as follows: first, through exerting "symbiotic effect" on technological innovation, material capital can directly enhance the innovation ability; secondly, material capital and other capitals jointly advance technological innovation ability by bring "matching effect" into play. The transmission mechanism about how R&D capital input accelerates technological innovation ability can be explained by its "seminal effect", "vegetal effect", "introductory effect" and "self-enhancement effect". In term of manpower capital, the transmission approach is as the below: first, the creativity of manpower capital imposing "hatching effect" on technologicalinnovation; secondly, its learning ability exerting "pro-reinforcement effect"; thirdly, its cooperation capability inflicting "polymeric effect"; fourthly, its exterior force bringing "overflowing effect"; fifthly, its motility producing "motile effect"; sixthly, its successiveness making "timing effect", seventhly, its "deriving effect" increasing manpower capital reserves.Using perpetual inventory system, on the assumption that China' fixed capital reserves in 1952 equals 2.6 times GDP of the current year, this article figures out China' fixed capital formation, inventory increment, gross material capital formation, material capital reserves and average annual material capital reserves respectively between 1952 and 2003. This paper also statistically calculates China' R&D capital input, its ratio to GDP, and its growth rate in these respective years, then compare China with other countries that possess high R&D capital input level internationally, and then puts forward China' problems and countermeasures. Combining the educated number of year method with costing method, the dissertation measures China' manpower capital reserves. The result shows that, from 1978 to 2003, great achievement has been made in this field in the 26 years. But at the same time, China also bears remarkable problems in comparison with that of international standard.The article follows the fundamental principle of scientificity, systematization and feasibility, pre-elects and screens out index to evaluate technology innovation ability, utilizes factorial analytical method to determinate the dominating element influencing technological innovation ability and the proportion coefficient of evaluating index, and correspondingly establishes a model to estimate China' technological innovation ability. Particularly, the paper analyses entitative linear model by curve estimation, then carries out curve imitation to forecast China' capacity index, and then deducing the cubic equation accordingly. On the basis of research outcome, the paper anticipates that the direct output of technological innovation and the rate of its contribution to China' innovation ability upgrade will be further reinforced. In other words, great changes will be made in China' future ability, with more input being replaced by more output gradually.Employing mathematical statistics tools, this article analyses the correlativity and causality of China's technological innovation ability index and relative data of all these generalized capitals respectively from 1991 to 2003, and tests the long-term stable relationship between technological innovation ability and fixed capital, R&D capital and manpower capital. The conclusion is as below: first, in the short term, China' technological innovation ability improvement facilitates the increase of fixed capital input, and R&D capital input enhancement boosts the upgrade of technological innovation ability; as for manpower capital, there is time lag before its influence takes effect, and it has no direct impact in the short run. Secondly, in the medium term,technological innovation ability advancement helps to form and increase manpower capital. Thirdly, in the long term, the increase of fixed capital and R&D capital input will strengthen China' technological innovation ability; meanwhile, innovation ability advancement will contribute to enhance R&D capital input. Fourthly, besides its direct impact, manpower capital partially reacts on technological innovation by combining with fixed capital and R&D capital, thus building up the innovation ability.