Study On Sustainable Forest Management Models For Jingan County In Jiangxi Province

Jingan County is a key forest region in Jiangxi Province. It has been producing plenty of commercial timber for many years, and makes important contribution to the development of regional economy. However, there are some problems for its forest management. For example, the structure of forest resources is unreasonable and harvestable resources are not enough. In order to explore the model for sustainable forest management, the paper summarized systematically the history and experience for the development of forest management, analyzed the current situation and the change of forest resources since 1979, revealed influencing factors and the reason about the change. The author divided the County into four different zones, put forward management goal and pattern for each zone, for the purpose of exploiting potentialities of forestry development, improving the quality of forest resources and plantation productivity, and optimizing their structure and benefits. This paper provided guidance for instructing forest management and improving the level of forest management in collective forest regions in south of China.This paper used some methods such as Land Net Objective Income, Net Present Value Method,Linear Programming, researched the models for forest management in Jingan County. The main results are as follows:Firstly, there are some advantages and some unfavourable factors for executing sustainable forest management. The advantages consist of forest management foundation, suitable natural condition, policy support, unified wood and bamboo trading market, rapid development of ecotourism, strong enthusiasm to invest forestry for the social funds, introduction of biogas project and enterprise reform of forestry industry. The unfavourable factors are as follows: long production period for forestry production, big operating risk, dispersed right of use of forest land, the low level of scale management, the single model of public welfare forest and its low compensation standard, the poor level of processing industry of wood and bamboo, the lack of technical talents for forestry, the extensively managed forest resources and their unreasonable structure, the poor quality for plantation tending, not strict adherence to classified management.Secondly, Jingan County was divided into four regions for sustainable forest management, which are respectively the zone of protection forest and forest tourism, the zone of natural protection and biodiversity conservation, the zone of timber forest management, the zone of economic forest and forest vegetable. This paper put forward some theories and methods related to structural adjustment based on species, ages, and spatial structure. It put forward operation target and target system of four management regions.Thirdly, the paper put forward the divisional system, index system, investigation method and estimating method of stand inventory for protection forest and timber forest, which can provide basis and method for division and inventory of forest category, provided a foundation for editing management plan, and put forward some technical measure for secondary forests reform and forest tending.Fourthly, based on the fact that there are abundant resources of Chinese Fir in Jingan County but short supply for big-diameter timber in the market, this paper put forward the management object and technique of Chinese Fir for big-diameter timber at a level of management class. This paper put forward the sustainable management pattern of Chinese Fir for big-diameter timber in a level of management class for the first time. Constructing base of big-diameter timber does not necessarily work by means of new plantation, it is available to select goal tree of Chinese Fir in the forest land with site index 16 and through some measures such as reasonable tending thinning and forest fertilization. Adjusting stand density continuously and improving the environment for tree growth can ensure the whole group to make full use of land capacity and light, and can finally reach the goal of cultivating big-diameter timber. Among them, improved varieties are basis, density control is key measure.Fifthly, the main of managing timber forest is to gain good economic benefit. The principle for determining the final age of timber forest is based on technical maturity, mainly considering economic maturity. This paper used the way of land pure profit and net present value to determine the harvest period of economic benefit for Chinese Fir. The calculation indicates that the main factors of impacting the age for final cutting include site conditions, cultivating object, and loan interest rate. Maturity age of Chinese Fir will decrease as the improvement of site index class. As to the management of Chinese Fir, it can only gain small diameter log while the level of site index class is below 12; when the level of site index class is between 12 and 14, it is available to gain middle diameter timber; only when the site index class reaches 18, it is possible to obtain big-diameter timber. The paper holds that rotation is in the period of 32 to 36. In the same site condition, managers should use different final age for different loan intreast rate. In the case of low intreast rate, they can produce middle diameter timber in the forest land with site index class 14 and 16. It is favorable to produce wood when the forest land is with site index class 18. In the situation of high interest rate over 8 percent each year, it is favorable to produce small diameter timber in the forest land with site index class 14, middle diameter timber in 16 and big-diameter timber in 18.Sixthly, after considering the actual situation in Jingan County, this paper for the first time constructs a set of sustainable management evaluation index at county level, including four layers and 28 indexes. The author evaluated the capacity of sustainable forest management for the whole county by making use of the evaluation index. The results show that the capacity for Jingan County to execute sustainable forest management is in a weak status.Seventhly, this paper put forward some suggestions and countermeasures for the County to implement sustainable forest management.