Research On The Development Of Rural Market Based On The Transaction Efficiency

Along with the reforming and opening over the past 30 years, market-oriented agriculture is improving gradually, and the rural market development is also accelerating. Broad connection happened in farmers' production, life and market. In the agricultural production and management, the input of the agricultural production need to the agricultural means of production market; the output of the agriculture production requires the distribution through the agricultural products market. In farmers' individual consumption, the farmers need to buy consumer goods in the consumer goods market. Limited to the purpose of research and limited length, here we focus on the rural market that the agricultural production and management activities dependence on.Standing in the agriculture, the country, farmer's standpoint, we discovered that the farmer in the agricultural production faced with many difficult positions, the farmer suffers injury in the rural market transaction link is also quite serious. The agricultural small producer is under the impact and the excluding, not only in realm of production, moreover more remarkable performance in market transaction domain. Agricultural development and increase income of farmers by the constraints of resources and environment at the same time, more constrained by the market. Individual, isolated, scattered small producer, in the market is always the weak one. Facing the fast changing market opportunity and the risk, the major part farmer is often at a loss how to proceed, the small-scale production and the big market's contradiction is prominent. Only reducing farmer's transaction cost, raising the transaction efficiency, it can increase farmer's income truly. Based on the initial perceptual thinking, it is necessary to further inquire into the agricultural production management is trading in-depth root which the link suffers injury, seeks the countermeasures of enhancing transaction efficiency and developing the rural market.This thesis is intended to study the key issue that is "developing the rural market" as a major research focuses on the perspective of farmers, to analyze the farmers' incomplete market subject status. It will study the rural market system in which agricultural production and management is the core. It will also probe into the influencing factor of the rural market transaction efficiency. From the rural experience of international market development, in order to improve the transaction efficiency, and promote the development of rural markets, it will provide a valuable basis for the theory and policy recommendations. This thesis is divided into a total of eight chapters, as follows:In Chapter 1, "Introduction", it is elaborated briefly that is including the research background, research contents, research significance, research status at home and abroad, research framework, research characteristics and innovation. After China's reform and opening up, the rural market has been rapid development and improving transaction efficiency is increasingly becoming the key to the development of the rural market. In Chapter 2, "Concept Explanation and Theoretical Basis", some of the basic concepts are defined and theoretical assumptions have been carried out, the basis of relevant theories is elaborated briefly. In the thesis, the rural market refers to the rural commodity markets, which the farmers are the main market subject, services for agricultural production and management, in order to gain the interests of agricultural production and management. It is included the agricultural means of production market and the agricultural products market.In Chapter 3, "Rural Markets Subjects' Transaction Practices", the rural market transactions were made for further analysis. With the interests of the farmers involved in the transaction is closely related to the participation of the organization. Some typical of the rural market organization are gradually formed such as "company plus households"," Cooperation plus farmers", "intermediary organizations plus households"and"professional farmers products market plus households". Scattered farmers in the two markets of the agricultural means of production and agricultural products are at the disadvantageous position, suffered a bilateral monopoly of the converging attack, the transaction cost is much higher than other subjects. The farmers are always in the market in a passive position. To safeguard the interests of the farmers from the point of view, the participation and cooperation of organizations, should be the most closely linked forms of organization which the farmers enter the market, improve the ability of the negotiations, reduce transaction costs and achieve earnings of farmers.In Chapter 4, "Analysis on the Rural Market System", it focused on the analysis of the rural market system in which Agricultural Production and Management are the Core, including the agricultural means of production market, and the agricultural products market. The agricultural means of production market, which provides agricultural means of production, is the prerequisite and basis in the agricultural production and management for carrying forward the agricultural harvest of hope and security. The agricultural products market is the ultimate link that sells the agricultural products, and achieves the income of the farmers. The two markets of the agricultural means of production and the agricultural products serve the development of agricultural production. In the course of the development of the rural market, farmers bear the ever-increasing high transaction costs.In Chapter 5, "the Rural Market Transaction Efficiency's Influencing Factor ", it focused on the analysis of the rural market transaction efficiency influencing factor, including natural and geographical conditions, transportation and technology infrastructure, institutions (policy, legal, ethical and cultural practices, credit, etc.), the rural market information services, the quality of the rural market subject and so on.In Chapter 6, "International Experience in the Development of the Rural Market", it focused on the international experience and enlightenment, including: farmers is the most basic of the main market subjects in rural areas; rural markets to increase the degree of organization; to strengthen transportation and communication infrastructure; to increase policy support; to have an emphasis on the farmers and agricultural training and technical education, and so on.In Chapter 7, "Countermeasures of the Development of the Rural Market from the Perspective of Transaction Efficiency", it is proposed that the rural market development countermeasure from four stratification planes: First, Micro-level, training of rural micro-market basis. Farmers are the rural micro-market basis. It should to ensure that the integrity of the farmers market dominant position, to give the full right to make their own decisions, and constantly to improve their ability to control the market; Second, the organizational level, increasing the degree of organization of farmers. To push rural organizations innovation and market innovation, to reduce market transaction costs; Third, in the market level, improving the rural market system. By improving and perfecting rural market system, serving agricultural production and management of pre-production and post-natal and other links to improve transaction efficiency, to increases the income from the agricultural production and management; Fourth, in the government level, optimizing the functions of the government services in the development of the rural market. Including the strengthening of the rural market infrastructure; improving macro-control; standardizing the market order in rural areas; establishing of a sound rural market system of laws and regulations; building a sound social credit system; actively promoting the rural market information; promoting urban and rural market integration.In Chapter 8, "Conclusions", it made a brief summary of the main contents in the thesis and discussion of the limitations of the research and some ideas for future research.The innovation of the thesis is including: to analyze the farmers' incomplete market subject status from the perspective of farmers, to bring up an idea that "farmers survive in the cracks, and they are incomplete rural market subject", to analyze the needs of farmers cooperation, to explore the relations between rural market scale and transaction efficiency.