Economic Analyse Of Credit System Evolution

Market economy is credit economy. This not only shows the importance of the credit activities in the market economy, but also the standard moral principles of human beings. The symbol of mature market economy should be good credit system. The transformation of our country includes the transformation and reform of the credit system. Without active credit activities in good order, without common trust between individuals, there is no social harmony. Perfecting the credit system is an important component to perfect socialist market economy systems and to construct harmonic society.The development of credit and credit system has historic periods and objective rules. The range of credit activities has developed and changed from between acquaintances to between strangers, to between districts and nations. During the relative principles, there is organized tendencies and functional division. In the end, we have complete credit industry line. To study the development history is not only the needs of basic theoretical study, but also nicely and rapidly promotes relative practices in our country.With the background of the integration of the world economy, complicated credit lines and web covers the whole globe, and the credit risks caused by the credit system defect of a certain country could have international effects. The credit system development study is having more common sense, and is the needs in the open economy circumstances to protect economic safety of our country and to promote international economy moving well.Western academic circles do not study credit system systematically. At present, we have some domestic practical countermeasure study but lack theory groundwork..What is the meaning of the word credit in the credit system? How to define the credit system? What are the components of this system and how do they relate? What is the specialty of the credit system of our country in the background of transformation? Why does Chinese civilization, which highly praises the virtue of honest, now have so many credit problems? Does the credit inquiry system can lead us out of credit plight?……These serial basic questions have not completely had the convincible answers with sufficient theory.This thesis, by analyzing economically the credit system evolution and its law, will construct a meaningful theoretical analyze structure of credit system, and furthermore raised a series of practical suggestion with theoretical supports. Economical angle of view has two meanings. One is to choose the credit with economical meaning as the start point of the credit system study. The other is to study the credit system with economical paradigm.The credit with economical meaning is economic trading behaviors with the characteristics of Intertemporal contracts. This specific trading method is a natural selection of human beings when restrained by resources shortage and incomplete information. The whole structure composed of the objectives related with credit, which relate with and affect each other, is a credit system. The basic purpose of its birth and development is to protect the carrying out of credit contracts and to promote the social honest. After long-term natural development, modern credit system is a system composed of the essential factors of credit subjects, credit activities, credit regulations and executive subjects, credit information service organizations.The study line is designed according to the interdynamic relationship between theory and practice. The logic main line is: historical specialty→generalization of credit system→reality specialty→suggestions based on the generalization and specialty.The thesis has two parts, basic study and application study. The basic study has two parts, preparation and historical analyze, which are the first and second chapters. The tasks are: making basic definitions, learning previous theoretical achievements, constructing firm bases for further study, study the general evolution characteristics of credit activities, defining the main clue of historical analyze.The historical analyze is from the third to the fifth chapter. First, is to comprehensively list and analyze the credit system evolution of the main western developed countries and of our country before transformation. Then, through the periodical and throughout comparison between them, their general rules and the characteristics of modern mature credit system are concluded.The application part is composed of two parts, current situation explanation and suggestion study, which are the sixth and the seventh chapters. First, based on the conclusions of the basic theoretical study, to describe and explain the credit system development during each transformation period. Secondly, according to the train of thoughts of"reality—future—reality to future", to study the suggestions.This thesis deals with history with Marxist dialectical materialism. The basic academic paradigm used is from institutional economics, especially its branch evolution economics. During the study, those"new and special"subjects and events, which have important influence to the development, are mainly focused. Meanwhile, the latest achievements of the relative sciences are mostly used to analyze and explain.Except the introduction, this thesis has seven chapters.The introduction is a design blueprint of theoretical analyzes structure of credit system. The domestic and global meaning of credit system study and the reason of economic analyzes is explained. The study border and objects will be determined. The study technical lines, methods, main contents and characteristics are introduced.Chapter One, honest, trust, credit and credit system. The meaning of honest, trust, credit and credit system is introduced in details. The theoretical bases of these definitions are analyzed. The difference and relationship of these definitions is discussed. The main achievement of relative study is briefly listed.Chapter Two, the general development of credit activities. First, the reasons of credit development are explained in respect of division of labor, property rights, information, etc. That credit activities are the sufficient methods to solve the restraint of resources shortage and incomplete information is proofed. Then, through the aspects of credit purpose, forms, subjects and character of contracts, the general evolution of credit activities is deeply analyzed. Among which, the essential differences of commercial and non-commercial credit, logic sequences of development of credit activity forms, birth of credit production market, organized of credit subjects, carrying out subjects of credit regulations, birth of credit information service organizations, formation of credit industry, differences between credit with debt and credit without debt, rapid development tendencies of credit without debt, are studied with an emphasis.Chapter Three, evolution of western credit system. The historical review is divided into four periods, Ancient, Middle Age, Modern Times and Contemporary Age. The effects of custom to credit regulations, influence of commerce to the system development, evolution of outer carrying out subjects of credit regulations, influence of government, becoming of currency to credit currency and enterprise regulations, the"club"effect mechanism of credit inquiry system, and so on is studied with an emphasis.Chapter Four, evolution of the credit system of our country before the reform and opening to the outside world. The evolution thread of credit system of our country in ancient times (before the Opium War), modern times and the planning economy times is looked back. The influence to credit system evolution by traditional culture, moral ideas and planning system is discussed.Chapter Five, characteristics of procedure comparison, developing rules and mature systems. First, the development periods and overall difference between Chinese and western credit system is analyzed comparatively. Secondly, the three rules of credit system development are concluded: system development is motivated both by subject benefit and credit activities, system development has its natural attribute, effect of government is basic and dual. Thirdly, the structure characteristics of the mature credit system nowadays are concluded: mature credit industry, outer credit system plays a leading role.Chapter Six, comment on the evolution of the credit system in transformation period. The start point of the credit system evolution in transformation period is described from various viewpoints. The relationship between credit system evolution and transformation is analyzed in every aspect. The veins and characteristics of credit system evolution at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of transformation period is described and analyzed respectively. The relations between government in transforming period and credit system evolution is discussed in a special topic.Chapter Seven, perfecting the credit system, promoting social harmony. The time being condition of the credit system is analyzed in static state and dynamic state. Through discussing the relationship between harmonic society and credit system, the background of the systems future evolution is forecasted, and based on this, the countermeasure target is analyzed and the suggestions relating overall strategy thinking and classified countermeasures is raised.The point of view, lines and method of the thesis is somewhat new. Through the above studies, the writer is trying to make some breakthrough at the following aspects to the existing academic achievement.Firstly, the intension of credit, credit system is strictly defined with economic theories. And the new idea is put forward that credit regulations and carrying out subject are both the components of credit system. Secondly, the evolution characteristics of credit activities is analyzed from various point of view. It is pointed out that credit is one of the main tools for human beings to overcome the restrains of resources shortages and information insufficiencies. And the thesis studies the relationship between commercial and non-commercial credit, credit with debt and without debt. Thirdly, with a lot of historical materials, the evolution footsteps of credit system is described, and the general evolution rules of credit system and the structural characteristics of the mature systems nowadays is summarized. Fourthly, the evolution of the credit system of our country in the transformation period is analyzed throughout and fairly judged. Fifthly, the internal relationship between credit system and harmonic society is discussed, and systematically this thesis raises the countermeasure suggestions to perfect the credit system and to promote social trust and harmony.