Study On The Countermeasures For The Forest Insurance In South China's Collective Forest Regions

It has been over twenty years since the forest insurance in China started its experiment from the very beginning to a new round trial after a slow developing stage.During this period,many researchers and policy executives conducted a deep study and analysis on the problems existing in forest insurance.Since a new round collective forest right system reform which focuses on clarifying forestland-use right and ownership of trees,adopting a flexible policy toward management right, implementing the right of disposal and ensuring the right to derive benefit,forestry development has been full of vitality and the way to reduce forestry risks through developing forest insurance has been revived around the country.Besides,people tried to combine the mortgage loan of forest ownership with forest insurance to minimize the credit risks,providing unprecedented opportunity for forest insurance in China.Started with the analysis on the developing course of forest insurance and present situation,the thesis,based on related theories,analyzes the major factors that restrict the development of forest insurance by means of combination of standard analysis and case analysis as well as comparative analysis and reductive analysis,and summarizes the prominent problems including the problems of insurance system,the game of interest and legal issues between insurance company,forest farmers, and government.In addition,it also makes the analysis on the cause of insufficient supply of forest insurance from the angle of economics and on the behaviors of main body involved in forest insurance,and finally gets conclusion that the enthusiasm of forest famers and insurance company won't be stimulated until the government carries out subsidy policy.According to the practical study on forest insurance in southern collective forest regions,we can learn about the wish of insured forest farmers as well as the wish of insurance company and also about the details of the government support for forest insurance and thus summarize the problems that need solving urgently and the changes of forest farmers,insurance company and government since the launch of forest insurance after forestry reform.By drawing the experience of other countries and agricultural insurance in China,the forest insurance model which conforms to the present national condition is proposed.It should be a marketing policy insurance with government-orientation,which adopts the way of government guiding and managing together with insurance company with due consideration to the mechanism of government guiding plus forest farmers' insuring cooperation. Under the condition of inadequate supply,it is essential that government should strengthen the support for forest insurance:the financial departments of central authority and provincial government should join together to offer subsidies to forest farmers according to the types and proportions of the insured to ease the burden of finance at the county level.In terms of insurance principle,the present policy forest insurance in China is being carried out based on the principle of "insuring the replacement cost of forest planting and cultivation and natural disaster loss".Through the deep and systematic research on theories and methods of forest insurance,we further define the objects of forest insurance,work out the coordinated system needed to deepen the collective forest right system reform and promote the forest insurance,and give the government-supported proposals,including offering insurance subsidy to forest farmers and preferential tax policy to insurance company, establishing re-insure system and risk compensation system,and enhancing supervision on forest insurance company's operation.Meanwhile,more suggestions like further exploring the type of insurance,diversifying distribution channels,clarifying the duty of insurance company,forest farmers and forestry department and training more professionals are put forward too.Apart from the above, suggestions about finance,organization and business are also given in terms of forest insurance standardization.