Strategic R&D Subsidy Policy, Independence Innovation And The Optimization Of China's Export Trade Structure

After 30 years the reform and opening policy, China's economy and foreign trade development have got remarkable achievements. China has become the world's largest trading nation in the year 2009. In achieving this accomplishment, we should clearly understand that our country is still a developing country. The high energy consumption and high pollution industry is still accounts for a larger proportion in export trade structure. Despit the export of high-tech products have morally increased, the large part of the export are still processing trade, and the main achievement are made by foreign or foreign joint ventures. However, in the world today the high-tech industries is an important symbol of a country's comprehensive national strength and international competitiveness. The most of our enterprises are always lack of independent core technology, and stay at low-end chain of the industry. Most of the profits obtained by foreign companies. Even in this condition, we are still subjected to various trade protection and anti-subsidy investigations from the foreign countries. The trade friction is increasing. In order to reverse this negative condition and avoid trade friction and risk, China must speed up the transformation way of economic growth, and full use of WTO rules about the R&D subsidies and other policy measures. We also should increase the R&D input of independent innovation so that it can promote the innovation and industry upgrading, finally optimize the export trade structure.Therefore, the study is based on the theory of strategic trade policy, the traditional theory of trade protection, and the endogenous theory of comparative advantage. By the ideal of that the latecomer countries can reduce the technology gap with advanced countries through technical innovation, technology transfer, technology diffusion, imitation innovation, learning by doing and other innovative ways to improve their comparative advantage, and finally can achieve dynamic comparative advantage. It found that the technological progress is the root causes of that the dynamic transform of endogenous comparative advantage and the export trade structure optimization. We know that strategic R&D subsidy policy is one the most important means of promoting comparative advantage transform, technological innovation and optimization of the trade structure of a country. This paper also studies the impact of the strategic R&D subsidies on the technological innovation of the domestic country and foregin country, and also discusses the internal and external conditions for the policy implementation. Based on the above analysis, In order to empirically testing the conclusion, this paper studies the impact of strategic R&D subsidies on the innovation from the national, regional, industry and enterprise views by the mathematical and econometric analysis method, and also empirically studies the impact on the trade structure of China's export product and high-tech industry.The empirical study found that strategic R&D subsidies significantly contributed to our country's independent innovation ability in regional, industry and enterprises level, and we also found that the impacts of the policy on the ability of independent innovation in China have significant regional differences. Meanwhile, the conclusion indicates that the strategic R&D subsidy policy plays a significant role in optimizing the export trade structure. In the empirical study example of the high-tech industry, we also found that the influences have differences in industries.Through the above study, we hope that it can provide a theoretical and practical reference value for our country in the process of self-innovaiton building process.