| Rural to urban migration is an inevitable population movement in the process of urbanization as well as the current transitional China. In a position of rapid economic development and transition, the non-farm employment and rural-urban migration of rural labour force in China have make significant contributions to rapid urbanization and accelerated industrialization, and they are important contents of China's future success in achieving such objectives as high levels of urbanization and industrialization and harmonious socio-economic development. However, China's rural labour mobility has only showed the following characteristics:migration rather than permanent migration, individual migration rather than household migration, and the migrants are still inextricably linked to their original living place, especially their home land (including farmland and residensial base); these characteristics have made complete rural-urban migration impossible. Therefore, to study land factors'influence on rural-urban migration and identify the direction and extent and path of land factors'influence on the decision-making of rural-urban migration and willingness of permanent rural-urban migration can provide theoretical and practical supports for building relevant systems and making policies, with the aims to eliminate barriers in current and permanent rural-urban migration and achieve a free choice in rural-urban migration. And finally it can on the one hand accelerate China's urbanization development; on the other hand promote the efficient use of rural land and protect national food security.Based on relevant research literatures at home and abroad, this study has conducted household surveys in Hanshan County, Anhui Province; Honghu City, Jingshan County and Tianmen City, Hubei Province. Meanwhile, questionnaire survey and interview have been used for original data collection. Then, Logistic Model, Multiple Linear Regression Model and Structural Equation Model for effect and path of land factor on rural-urban migration have been built. From perspectives of the overall sample and regional comparison, the research analysed the effect and path of land factors on the decision making of rural-urban migration and willingness of permanent rural-urban migration. The conclusions are as follows:(1) The empirical analysis on land factors'effect on the decision making of the overall sample's rural-urban migration demonstrates that:there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between farmland resources per labor and rural-urban migration; there is a negative correlation between the degree of land fragmentation and rural-urban migration; there is a negative correlation between whether the rural household has signed a land contractual management contract and rural-urban migration; and there is a positive correlation between farmland transfer out behavior of rural household and rural-urban migration.(2) The empirical comparative analysis on land factors'effect on the decision making of regional rural-urban migration demonstrates that:there is a negative correlation between whether the rural household has signed a land contractual management contract and rural-urban migration in Kingship County and Honcho City; farmland transfer out behavior of rural household has a positive promoting role in rural-urban migration in all counties and cities; farmland area per labor and its square only has a significant influence on the probability of rural-urban migration in Hanshan County, and the relationship is U-shaped; farmland transfer in behavior and farmland relative deprivation of rural household only have a significant influence on the probability of rural-urban migration and migration rate in Hanshan County, and the relationship is negative; housing relative deprivation only has a negative influence on Honghu City's probability of rural-urban migration, while for Tianmen City, the influence is positive.(3) The empirical analysis on land factors'effect on the overall sample's wills for permanent rural-urban migration demonstrates that:there is a negative correlation between farmland infrastructure conditions and wills for permanent rural-urban migration; there is a negative correlation between the stability of land property rights and wills for permanent rural-urban migration; there is a negative correlation between understandings on rural land management policies of rural household and wills for permanent rural-urban migration; there is a negative correlation between farmland transfer in behavior of rural household and wills for permanent rural-urban migration; there is a positive relationship between the degree of freedom of farmland transfer market in the village and the wills for permanent rural-urban migration.(4) The empirical regional comparative analysis on land factors'effect on the wills for permanent rural-urban migration demonstrates that:there is a negative correlation between understandings on rural land management policies of rural household and wills for permanent rural-urban migration in each counties and cities; farmland relative deprivation has a positive influence on wills for permanent rural-urban migration in Hanshan County and Tianmen City; farmland area per labor has significant nonlinear effects on wills for permanent rural-urban migration in Hanshan County and Tianmen City, and the effect for Hanshan County is positive, while the effect for Tianmen City is negative; the degree of farmland fragmentation has a negative influence on wills for permanent rural-urban migration in Honghu City, while the effect for Tianmen City is negative; farmland infrastructure conditions have a positive influence on wills for permanent rural-urban migration in Hanshan County, while the effect for Jingshan County is in opposite direction; the stability of land property rights only has a significant influence on wills for permanent rural-urban migration in Jingshan County, and the effect is positive; awareness on land rights of rural household only has a significant influence on wills for permanent rural-urban migration in Hanshan County, and the effect is negative; farmland transfer in behavior of rural household only have a significant influence on wills for permanent rural-urban migration in Hanshan County, and the effect is negative; the degree of freedom of farmland transfer market in the village is only accepted in the model in Jingshan's sample, and the effect on wills for permanent rural-urban migration is positive.(5) The empirical analysis on land factors'effect path of the decision making of rural-urban migration and wills for permanent rural-urban migration demonstrates that: there is a mutual causality relationship between farmland transfer out behavior of rural household and rural-urban migration; farmland transfer in and transfer out behaviors of rural household are endogenous variables rather than exogenous variables; compared with the analysis results gained in Logistic model of rural-urban migration based on the overall sample, the farmland infrastructure conditions, which didn't pass the significance test, has an indirect significant positive influence on rural-urban migration through farmland transfer out behavior of rural household, furthermore, the influence of farmland area per labor on rural-urban migration has changed from the former inverted U-shaped relationship to negative relationship; compared with analysis results gained in Logistic model of the wills for permanent rural-urban migration based on the overall sample, the farmland area per labor and farmland area per piece, which didn't pass the significance test, have an indirect significant influences on the wills for permanent rural-urban migration through farmland transfer out behavior and rural-urban migration behavior of rural household, and the effect of farmland area per labor is negative, while the effect of farmland area per piece is positive.
|
PDF Full Text Request