Research On Environmental Management Of Foreign Fu Nds Forestation Project In China

The rapid development of forestry lays favorable ecological, abundant material and cultural foundation for China to build a moderately prosperous society in all aspects. The 17th CPC National Congress has pointed out explicitly that there is great need to"improve energy- and resources efficiency, promote ecological and environmental conservation and enhance China's capacity for sustainable development"and"strengthen forestry construction and promote restoration of ecosystems". Utilizing foreign funds is the driving force of accelerating the development of forestry, and it is an important component of adjusting the economic structure, promoting the optimization and upgrading of the industry and enhancing the international competitiveness of forestry in the new era, thus it is of great significance to the implementation of forestry development strategy put forward by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, which focuses on ecological construction. Environmental management is an important content of foreign funds forestation project, and it is also the significant guarantee for improving the structure of forest's ecological system, enhancing the quality of forest resources, giving full play to the multifunction and multiple benefits of forest and safeguarding the ecological security of the territory of China. This dissertation firstly gives a systematical summarization to the background, development course, principal policies, technologies and organizational system of environmental management of the foreign funds forestation project, then analyzes the multiple benefits of environmental management in foreign funds forestation project with the help of specific case studies and, finally discusses prospects for the environmental management of forestation project under the goal of the sustainable development of forestry. Main research conclusions are as follows:1. The administrative strategy of the foreign funds forestation project is achieved mainly by formulating and implementing Regulations on Environmental Protection of Project, bringing the regulations of the implementation and evaluation into the project management system during administration, combining regulations, in technology respect, with features of the project and relevant studies, and corresponding regulations with local social economic conditions during implementation.2. This dissertation studies the case of the subproject of"Multifunctional Shelter-Forest Construction"granted by the World Bank Loan in Luhuachong small watershed in Hong'an County of Hubei Province. The project produces satisfying ecological, economic and social benefits by adopting environmental management techniques, namely site type classification, afforestation stands selection, forest category distribution of multifunction shelter forest and afforestation mode design and selection. The forest coverage rate in the project area was improved from 38.5% to 50.9%; lands for farming purposes that were once used only for farming are now gradually expanding to be under the agro-forestry compound management while water lose and soil erosion has been controlled effectively. The Ecological Economic Valley Experimental and Demonstration Forest was basically completed in 1997. The monitoring results show that the runoff and sediment in the valley declined from 1,060 tons in 1997 to 560 tons in 2000, which demonstrates the ecological effectiveness is obvious.3. By taking a series of environmental protection measures, foreign funds forestation projects, represented by the World Bank Loan, are able to avoid or alleviate the destruction brought by project activities to natural preservation zones, natural forests and important habitats for wild animals, keep the water lose and soil erosion, degradation of soil fertility and pest and calamity under control, promote the stability and sustainable management of forest plantation's ecological system and produce obvious environmental protection effects. The environmental monitoring of the forest plantation demonstrates that slight water lose and soil erosion (erosion modulus <2500t/a?km2) can take place in most forestation areas in the current year and the following year; the main reason for that is site preparation, land preparation, intercropping and tending after young plantation; medium and above water lose and soil erosion (erosion modulus >2500t/a?km2) take place only in sloping fields that are conducting whole reclamation for land preparation or comprehensive tending; the lose of soil fertility in the afforestation stands synchronizes with water lose and soil erosion; the occurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is very low in newly selected afforestation stands, and plant diseases and insect pests in large areas never occurred. 4. The implementation of the foreign funds forestation projects has well changed traditional bad habits of comprehensive land preparation and controlled burning for land preparation, fostered the environmental protection awareness of administrative and technical personnel in various levels and beneficiaries (including peasants) in the process of forestation and the forest plantation management. It also helps them to master necessary means and measures of environmental protection as well as provides the environmental quality control and management of domestic forestation projects with useful references.5. With the continuous development of foreign funds forestation projects and the growing importance attached to environmental protection in the world, more and more importance has been attached to environmental protection work and it is standardizes gradually. In environmental management, foreign funds forestation projects view environmental management as an integral part of project construction, ensuring environmental management work can be implemented comprehensively with high efficiency. In environmental management techniques, foreign funds forestation projects attach full importance to technical support and identify environmental management techniques as important content of project science and technology that supports subprojects, making sure that environmental management techniques can advance and develop continuously. In environmental management organization, foreign funds forestation projects attach importance to the participation of peasants and communities, playing an improving role in ensuring the sustainable conducting of environment management work.6. The environmental management under the strategy of sustainable development of forestry should be enhanced from the following three perspectives: first, environmental management needs to provide sustainable development with theoretical and technical bases; second, environmental management should be regarded as an important component of sustainable forest management; third, environmental management should provide sustainable forest management with organizational and practical guarantee.