Research On The Comparison Of Thought Of Science&Technology Between Zhonyuan And Chu During The Period Of Spring And Autumn And Warring States

Thought of Scientific and technological are always associated with our production and livelihood. It is both precipitated in the concrete books, science and technology, and embodied externally in the thought essence of concrete contents, technology and engineering. China and the west breed different civilization in different regions, with different traditions of science and technology, which rooted in the difference of scientific and technological thoughts. As two big sources of Chinese civilization,the formation of culture of Central Plains and Chu relies on the Yellow River and the Yangtze river basin, in the long course of development, which also reflect the different scientific and technical characteristics, and its internal reason is the difference of scientific and technological thoughts, then the most of difference was formed during spring and autumn period.This paper tries to comb the ancient books and archaeological objects during spring and autumn period, analyze scientific and technological thoughts of the culture areas of central plains and chu in this period, and strive to know the similarities and differences.This paper consists of the introduction, the main body includes chapterl to chapter7and the closing.In the introduction. First, analyze the purposes and meaning of scientific and technological thoughts during spring and autumn period. Second, analyze the present research status at home and abroad, and expound the research object of this paper, then define the relevant time and space. Finally, introduce the research ideas, research methods, difficulties and innovation of the paper.In the first chapter, the author analyze the historical background of scientific and technological thoughts in the culture areas of central plains and chu during spring and autumn period.First, examine the different geographical environment and climatic environment in the areas of central plains and chu. Secondly, discuss the mix of science and technology and the regional characteristic of science and technology in the areas of central plains and chu during spring and autumn period. Finally, analyze the humanistic basis of characters,ancient books and culture characteristics in the areas of central plains and chu during spring and autumn period. In the second chapter, the similarities and differences of view of nature in the areas of central plains and chu during spring and autumn period are compared. This chapter focuses on the relationship between heavens、earth and the people. First of all, the relationship between heavens and human. The tendency appeared in both culture areas of central plains and chu, but the former is more thoroughly. Although Lao tzu’s "tao" contains the objective and natural factors, but the culture area of chu had formed a "believe in ghost" tradition. Second, the structure of heaven and earth. Aspects of the universe structure, origin and boundaries etc reflects clearly different tendencies in the areas of central plains and chu. Finally, the relationship between heaven,earth and human. They both see the heaven, the earth and the people as a whole, the difference is the former emphasizes the human,while the latter emphasizes the nature.In the third chapter, the similarities and differences of view of sicence in the areas of central plains and chu during spring and autumn period are compared. The author focuses on specific sciences of agriculture, medicine and the understanding of material, time and space, and motion and rest etc.. First, scientific practice. In the aspect of agriculture,the culture area of central plains formed "three learnings" thought, in the aspect of medical, central plains is more objective than the performance of chu, they actively search for the cause from people and both inside and outside of nature. Second, scientific explanation. This paper surveys the explanation of central plains and chu culture in a material, time and space, and motion and the rest. Overall, both they with practical as a starting point, reflect the overall thinking. But the culture area of central plains pays attention to experience, the culture area of chu pays attention to speculative.In the forth chapter, the similarities and differences of view of technology in the areas of central plains and chu during spring and autumn period are compared.This chapter focuses on comparing the similarities and differences of view of technology from the understanding of specific technology practice and technical nature of realities. First of all, technical practice. Metallurgy, textile, water conservancy and other technology practice are analyzed. The same "liuhe" technology, formed different regional characteristics, using "thin" and "guide" to control water disasters, but formed different technological achievements,such as the channel and pool, dyke and canal. Second, the purposes and characteristics of view of technology in the areas of central plains and chu are compared. Finally, in the view of technology appeared adjust measures to local conditions in the areas of central plains and chu, just the former pays attention to practice while the latter pays attention to create.In the fifth chapter, the similarities and differences of scientific methods in the areas of central plains and chu during spring and autumn period are compared. This chapter from the angles of scientific observation, scientific experiments and scientific imagination, the similarities and differences of specific scientific methods are compared. First, scientific observation. The culture area of central plains focuses on those things related with life practice,such as trees, birds and animals, on the basis perfect agriculture and phenological are developed. The culture area of chu ended in the observation of ornamental plants and animals. Second, scientific experiment and scientific imagination. The culture area of central plains took a experiment of "holes imaging" related to the life practice. And the culture area of chu is more adept at scientific imagination, representative of the "debate of sun of two children","and work with the nature", etc. Finally, reflected in the scientific method, both have a tendency of practical reason, in comparison, the culture area of central plains more emphasizes the practice, the culture area of chu more emphasizes imagination.In the sixth chapter, the similarities and differences of scientific acknowledgment in the areas of central plains and chu during spring and autumn period are compared. This chapter analyzes categories in the application of scientific knowledge, the foundation, process and objective of scientific knowledge. First of all, analogy method. Class is the result of scientific practice, and is the foundation of scientific thinking. Classes were discussed and applied in both areas of central plains and chu. Second, the foundation of scientific knowledge. Knowledge will be divided into technical knowledge and scientific knowledge in both areas of central plains and chu. Third, the process and purpose of scientific understanding. The culture area of central plains thinks "slightly all the qualities and scientific understanding of learning is to use as the goal of scientific acknowledgment, its process consists of thinking, argument and action. The culture area of chu thinks ultimate goal of scientific understanding is absolutely abandon know and sacrament, is everything and I for one state, and the process is heart be quiet, sitting to forge. Finally, the culture areas of central plains and chu reflect in scientific knowledge relevance of thinking, in particular, the culture area of central plains more emphasizes actions, the culture area of chu more emphasizes insights.In the seventh chapter, the similarities and differences of development of scientific and technological thought in the areas of central plains and chu during spring and autumn period are compared. First, the difference factors of thought of science and technology are analyzed. From the aspects of natural environment, technology, traditional cultural atmosphere, and the political environment etc, analyze the reasons for the differences of thoughts in culture areas of central plains and chu. Secondly, the same factors of scientific and technological thought are analyzed. the thought of science and technology in culture areas of central plains and chu have differences, but they show a general character.,Here from the natural environment, science and technology, talent policy, analyze the same thought of cultural exchange in the culture areas of central plains and chu during spring and autumn period.In the last part, summarize and generalize the similarities and differences of view of nature, view of technology, view of science, scientific methods and acknowledge in the areas of central plains and chu during spring and autumn period.On the basis look forward to the future research.