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Distributing Pattern Of Volatile Components And Procyanidin In Bark Of Pinus Yunnanensis And Its Related Species

Posted on:2016-12-04Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:X L ZhangFull Text:PDF
GTID:1220330470456467Subject:Botany
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
The bark of Pinus yunnanensis Franch. and its related species including P. densata and P. kesiya var. langbianensis as the research object, the bark volatile component, procyanidin relative content and near infrared spectrum(NIR) were systematically analyzed in this paper, respectively. The aim was to explore separately the differences of volatile component, procyanidin relative content and NIR among three related species, variants, populations and individuals, and to analyze the patterns and characteristics, as well as expand the research on chemical components of P. yunnanensis and its related species. Meanwhile, to investigate the relationship between chemical constituents and ecological geography of the bark of P. yunnanensis and its related species and to provide the theoretical basis for preferable exploitation and utilization of the bark resources.The195individuals bark samples of P. yunnanensis, P. densata and P. kesiya var. langbianensis collected from39natural populations were analyzed. The results were as follows.(1)291volatile components were identified from195individuals bark of P. yunnanensis and its related species, in which147components belonged to terpenes and alkenes. While volatile substances in individuals varied greatly regardless of content and category, and13representative volatile substances was detected in the three species, the relative average content of α-pinene was the highest, which was30.570μg/g, followed by that of the a-terpineol, which was25.514μg/g.(2)24common substances were detected in39populations bark of P. yunnanensis and its related species. There were great differences in content and category of volatile components among populations, and the kinds of volatile components in P. densata populations were more abundant, which it may be mainly affected by the altitude and heterogeneous habits. Esters, heterocyclic, furfural, benzaldehyde and isoborneol had significant differences between P. yunnanensis and its related species. The average content of alicyclic hydrocarbons and alcohols was higher in the volatile component of39populations, which were56.43μg/g and52.98μg/g, respectively. The distribution trend of high-frequency volatile components was as follows:The relative contents of phenols, ethers, aldehydes, acids and esters were higher level in middle latitude but lower in south and north latitude, and the relative contents of alcohol and ketone decreased relatively from south latitude to north, while which of heterocyclic contrarily. The volatile components contents of a-pinene and a-terpineol were higher in39populations. The relative content of a-pinene was P. yunnanensis (34.326μ.g/g)>P. densata (26.720μg/g)>P. kesiya var. langbianensis (20.768μg/g). The high-content volatile components in the populations of P. yunnanensis, P. densata and P. kesiya var. langbianensis presented the gradient trend which based mainly on a-pinene, a-pinene+a-terpineol and a-terpineol. The relative content of a-terpineol decreased from south latitude to north, and the average content of39populations was25.514μg/g.(3) The average content sums of31common volatile components in P. yunnanensis and its variants were in trends, P. var. pygmaea(Hsueh)(208.892μg/g)>P. yunnanensis (135.226μg/g)>P. yunnaneusis var. tenuifolia (94.889μg/g), and the content of16components including a-pinene and a-terpineol also showed the sam’e trend. There were great differences in contents of the volatile components among populations of P. Yunnanensis, furthermore, the relationship between partial component contents and latitude was as follows:the relative content of isoborneol, borneol, verbenone, a-pinene, butyrate, campholenic aldehyde increased from south latitude to north, while that of benzaldehyde contrarily, and the relative content of furfural was higher level in middle latitude but lower in south and north latitude. The populations of P. yunnanensis could be classified into three types, and the first had high content of a-pinene and a-terpineol with generally high common volatile components content, and the second had moderate content of a-pinene and a-terpineol with generally moderate common volatile components content, and the third had low content of a-pinene and a-terpineol with generally low common volatile components. The content of a-pinene had significant positive correlation with annual heat humidity ratio, so provenance, temperature and humidity should be paid attention in exploiting and utilizing a-pinene from the bark of Pinus yunnanensis and its related species, in addition, content of butyrate and isoborneol had highly significant positive correlation with the altitude.(4) The procyanidin relative content of Pinus yunnanensis and its related species populations was P. densata (54.72mg/g)>P. kesiya var. langbianensis (43.86mg/g)>P. yunnanensis (37.95mg/g), which it may be commonly affected by gene and environment. The average procyanidine relative content of Pinus yunnanensis and its variants population was P. yunnanensis var. pygmaea (54.72mg/g)>P. yunnanensis var. yunnanensis (36.94mg/g)>P yunnanensis var. tenuifolia (29.76mg/g). There was high variability in the procyanidin relative content of Pinus yunnanensis and its related species. The procyanidin relative contents of P. densata which distributed in northwestern Yunnan and P. kesiya var. langbianensis which distributed in southern Yunnan were high, and that of the populations with introgression hybridization or heterogeneous habitats was higher, while that of the populations which distributed in the middle of Yunnan was low.(5) The differences among the bark of P. yunnanensis and its related species appeared when the frequencies of NIR ranged from4000cm-1to5264cm-1, and from5264cm-1to10000cm-1. There were differences in volatile component, procyanidin relative content and NIR among the bark of P. yunnanensis and its related species, and thus it can well characterize the distribution pattern to a certain extent.
Keywords/Search Tags:Pinus yunnanensis, Related Species, Volatile components, Procyanidin, Distribution pattern
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