Research On Ecological Recovery Suitability Assessment For Haizhou Bay Special Marine Reserves

Owing to these increasingly problems of marine ecological environment, such as the development of the social economy, the ocean’s exploration activities, the growing coastal erosion, the poor of marine resources and the ecosystem degradation, coastal wetland damage, frequent marine disasters and so on, which have hindered seriously marine economic sustainable development of the coastal areas. Special Marine reserves, a kind of special protection way, which provide many important marine ecological protection functions protection for typical Marine ecological function areas and special landform, the ease of the destruction of natural disasters, leisure travel sites, which effectively protect the marine resources and environment.Reserve construction and management needs corresponding system and technology to support, however, the ocean is a complex ecological system, different special marine reserves ecological environment, protection object and different level of ecological degradation need different targets to different levels of ecological restoration and management methods, how to determine the degeneration of regional and protecting ecological protection zone of degradation degree becomes the prerequisite of the recovery. At present, for Marine degraded ecosystem research mainly focus on a single regional ecological restoration of degraded community and natural ecological environment, but marine ecosystem is more complex, especially the research of sensitive and vulnerable ecological environment of marine reserve ecological remediation and ecological restoration evaluation is less. Establishing ecological recovery suitability assessment standards and evaluation system to provide theoretical and technical support of the Marine reserve developing ecological restoration.In the paper, Haizhou Bay special Marine reserves are taken as an example and in the respect of the protection of marine ecosystem of Haizhou Bay to explore present situation of ecological environment evaluation and ecological recovery method. Meanwhile based on analyzing structure characteristics of the Haizhou bay special marine reserves ecological system, the paper is classified as three ecological subsystems as island, intertidal zone and shallow to issue, as well in the light of the characteristics of each subsystem constructed ecosystem health evaluation index system, adopting comprehensive analysis, I constructs the entropy weight synthesis index model according to the ecology and environment in reserve monitoring to evaluate Haizhou bay reserve health condition, by which Haizhou bay special marine reserves ecological recovery divisions finally be formed.Based on functional partition of reserves, combining with Haizhou bay reserve landform vulnerability evaluation and fishery resources changes, aiming at the degree of degradation and the reasons of each partition ecological system, I put forward the targeted ecological recovery measures for ecological protection to support the techniques for environmental restoration of reserves.In this paper, the major research contents and results are as follows:(1) Based on the analysis of the structure and function of ecological protection system, according to hydrology, landform, biological and environmental status of the different characteristics of terrestrial ecosystems, I divides island, intertidal ecosystem, and shallow sea ecosystem to issue.(2) In the research related to ecosystem health, I construct an island terrestrial ecosystems evaluation system index that is on the basis of constructing the organizational strength with vigor, heterogeneity and coordination, and utilizing the primary productivity analysis, habitat environmental structure analysis and methods of ecological footprint and soon to measure the indexes, finally I adopt comprehensive index method evaluation reserve island terrestrial ecosystems to evaluate Qinshan island ecosystem health. The evaluation results show that the island is in the situation of sub-health state.(3) Comprehensive consideration of the intertidal ecosystem and shallow sea ecosystem environment characteristics and biological community characteristics, according to their system characteristics from four aspects -- environment, structure, function and stability, I build up a diagnostic index system. Intertidal ecosystem index system includes seven indexes:water quality, sediment, biological quality, beaches vegetation, intertidal zone benthos, ecosystem service function,beaches vegetation and benthic species diversity; Shallow sea ecosystem index system includes eight indexes:water quality, sediment quality, phytoplankton, zooplankton, swimming animals, benthos, ecosystem service function and biological species diversity, and through comprehensive index method of intertidal ecosystem I evaluate Intertidal ecosystem and shallow ecological system. The evaluation results show that most of the tidal flat of estuarine ecosystem of Haizhou bay reserve, except of north of health coastal village are in a bad or sub-health state; Shallow sea ecosystem health state is sub-health or in the tendency of general morbid.(4) The vulnerability evaluation and fishery resources evaluation of protection of physiognomy objects of important reserves. Vulnerability evaluation of geological and geomorphic selects six evaluation indexes-- geology, the rise rate of sea, sea shoreline erosion, the average tidal range, islands coast slope, storm surge to build index system, and Qinshan island is calculated in the sub-health state by the risk level. And fishery resources evaluation is based on October 2005, April 2007 and 2009 May survey data, analyzes the change of fishery resources according to LianYunGang statistical yearbook and relating to marine fishery statistical bulletin about Marine fishing in the comparative analysis, which shows that the marine fishery resources of Haizhou bay has been declined.(5)According to reserve ecosystem health assessment, geomorphology vulnerability and the results of the evaluation of fishery resources changes in reserve, based on the functional partition, I make up an ecological restoration of reserves, and according to the division of regional ecological degradation reasons I put forward the measures for ecological restoration.