| One-dimensional nanomaterial,compared with the ordinary solid-phase materials, which bears low dimensionality and high aspect of ratio, have potential for practial implications in areas such as photo-switch, field emitting, pyroelectricity, Hence,.it is an hot topic research in recent material science.There are many different forms for 1D nanostructures, including nanorods, nanowires, nanobelts, nanoribbons, nanofibers and so on. Electrospinning is an unique simple and efficient way to prepare various shapes nanofibers. With the development trend of functional material and mini optoelectric devices, the preparation and performance research of composite nanofibers have attracted most attentions. Due to unique structure, functional diversity and easy to cut out, small organic molecule has showed potential applications in the field of laser, optoelectric diode, sensor, fluorescence analysis, message chemistry. In this thesis, the work focus on preparing polymer-small organic molecular composite nanofibers by combining directly doping and electrospining methods, and study fluorescence and optoelectric properties of composite materials .The strategy concerning above reserch may have application in electronic devices or new functional materials.Detailed content as belows:(1) Two kinds of organic molecules, 1,3,5-triphenyl-2-pyrzoline(TPP) and 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(p-dimethyl-aminostyryl)-4H-pyran(DCM) have been doped in polyethylene oxide(PEO) nanofibers by electrospinning and the composite nanofibers have showed tunable fluorescence properties. The obtained composite nanofibers have smooth surface and an average of diameters of 200 nm. Efficient energy transfer from TPP to DCM in the composite nanofibers have been confirmed by exciting spectra, emission spectra, fluorescence lifetime and fluorescence microscope images. The composite nanofibers show tunable fluorescence from blue to orange by changing the ratio of TPP and DCM in the composite nanofibers. White nanofibers were obtained when the mole ratio of TPP and DCM is 1/0.02.(2) The SEM, TEM and AFM images of polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)-anthracene composite nanofibers obtained by electrospinning show smooth surfaces. PVP-anthracene composite nanofibers showed various fluorescence with the changing of the content of PVP or the weight ratio. It is researched that concent of PVP has nothing to affect emission peak for PVP-composite nanofibers and for excimer, which is decided by the weight ratio of PVP and anthracene. Anthracene highly dispersed in composite nanofibers showed bright fluorescence compared with anthracene solid material. With the increasing weight ratio of PVP and anthracene, emission peaks show blue-shift. Composite nanofibers containing anthracene unit show unique light emission property between anthracene solid material and anthracene dilute solution.(3) It is reported that P-N type materials such as poly(phenylene vinylene)(PPV)-fullerene have showed high optoelectric response. Fullerene has low solubility in most organic solvents, which affects the next improvement of composite nanofibers’device. To improve the solubility of fullerene, we have prepared fullerrol water solution which is added in PPV precursor prepared with alpha, alpha’s-dichloro-p-xylene and thtrahydrothiophene. The PPV-fullerrol composite nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning followed by heat conversion. Composite nanofiber’s device has prepared by collecting nanofibers on the surface of electrod using parallel collector. The prepared device showed obvious optoelectric response. |
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