| With the rapid development of computer and information technology, digital technology is widely used in different fields of industrial production. It is a trend that traditional industry should be transformed and improved based on informationization. As a supplier of national energy and raw materials, mining industry holds the lifeline of national economic development. The half a century witnessed the rapid development of mining industry, with about ten thousand of state-owned mines and more than200,000collective-owned mines and non-state-owned mines built. The annual mining amount exceeds5,000,000,000tons. Therefore, digital informationization of mining industry has become an inevitable tendency.Mine ventilation system, which is one of the eight traditional underground mining systems, is closely interrelated to production safety. Since1950s, mechanical ventilation systems were gradually set up in metal mines in China, but the running efficiency of fans is relatively low. According to statistics, fans’ running efficiency of domestic mines is merely about40%, which is lower than the half of the designed fan effciency. Ventilation energy consumption takes up1/3of the total energy consumption of mines. As for its electricity of ventilation, it costs70%of ventilation energy consumption. Large mines’fans installed power reach up to one thousand kilowatts, with annual ventiliation eletricity bills up to millions of RMB. With the increasing services years, mining depth of mines and expansion of production scale, underground ventilation system got more and more complicated. To meet the requirements of enough air volume for each air-required place, the control management of ventilation system will be attached more and more attentions.Owing to complicated spatial relationship of mine ventilation system and network topology, and with a large amount of ventilation power equipments and ventilation buildings that are distributed broadly, the problem that the ventilation design can not meet the requirements of actual production is ubiquitous; what’s more, the existing management tools of ventilation can not better serve for actual mining.As the important step of mine construction and daily management, the design and control of mine ventilation system are the foundation for ensuring mine safety. The quality of design and management scheme will directly influence security, production cost, production capacity of underground mining and its overall economic benefits. Mine ventilation system is a real3D geological environment,therefore, the digital design and management of mine ventilation system should be carried out under real3D enrionment.This paper focuses on the optimization control algorithm of mine ventilation system and key technologies of3D visulization. The main contents includes:(1)Researches on constructing the optimization control software of mine ventilation system. Mine digitization software covers multi-disciplinary, with multi-function and diversified needs, therefor, a system of "hierarchical platform+plug-in" was put forward. This system can effectively share and reuse frame and components for free expanding professional function modules. Optimization control system of mine ventilation is employed as a plug-in module in the mine digitization system platform, and management mechanism of data integration was proposed for sharing basic data together with platform and other professional function modules. In this way, the difficulties of ventilation system modelling will be greatly reduced, with work efficiency being improved.(2)Based on the overall analysis on the merits and demerits of interactive operation under2D and3D drawing environment and design features of mine ventilation system, the concept of "drawing working face" was put forward. It greatly increases the accuracy and convenience of designers’works on mine ventilayion system under real3D environment.(3)The problems of network solution for complicated mine ventilation had been studied systematically and thoroughly. Also, the limitation of the existing ventilation network solution had been analyzed. Combined with circuit air-quantity method and the method of node ventilation pressure, a novel network solution-INSA was put forward. With a high convergence rate, this algorithm can solve the problems of ventilation network that includes unidirectional circuit.(4)Two key problems in the work of mine ventilation system control, namely optimal selection of fans and ventilation adjustment, were studied thoroughly.1) constructing fan database for storing comprehensive data information of fans, and providing necessary basic data for selecting fans.2)FOMR model, which is used for selecting optimal fans, was proposed. By adopting the results of ventilation on-demand solution, the operating points of to-be-selected fans can be calculated; and then search the fan database to find the suitable fans.3) GAFP algorithm that is used for searching pathway was put forward. It reduces the time complexity of searching pathway algorithm and provides new solutions and effective management for mine ventilation control system.(5) By researching dynamic simulation of pollutants in the whole mine, DVNTM model was put forward. Ventilation system is abstracted to a discrete topology model for conveniently expressing concentration value of pollutants anywhere in the ventilation network. By using the theory of fluid diffusion, diffusion simulation algorithm of underground pollutants was studied, with its fundamental principles and concrete steps elaborated in detail. This provides a freshly effective method for dynamic simulation of pollutants in the mine.(6) CMCA algorithm was proposed. The procedure is listed as follows: take full use of node-positive arc-reversed arc network topology diagram of single line diagram of mine ventilation system; adopt counterclock searching method of giving top priority to the outermost closed contour and insert several planes which are parallel to laneway’s floor between laneway’s roof and floor, to get multilayer closed contours; and then3D reconstruct these closed contours for generating surface model of3D connected laneway.(7) The research findings of this paper have been integrated in the DIMINE Digital Mine Software Platform and applied to the actual work of optimal control in Dahongshan Cooper Mine in Yunnan. It ventilation system is very complicated and typical, with more than1014of branches in the ventilation network. By adopting five-level machine station, the number of fans running at the same time is up to90. The application shows that ventilation network calculation and underground experimental results are in high degree of agreement; therefore, optimal control and results of pollutant diffusion simulation play a significant guiding role in the actual production.The research results of this paper proposed the key technologies of mine ventilation optimization control work under real3D environment and solved relevant problems. Also, this research provided theoretical basis and technological support for system design and management of complicated mine ventilation. |
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