Analysis And Application Of A Novel Energy-Saving And Emission-Reduction System

Global warming is considered as one of the most pressing threats to the existence of human race. Most of the observed changes in the climate increase and deadly natural disasters are very likely attributed to the observed increase in anthropogenic GHG (Greenhouse Gas) emissions. Among them, carbon emissions from the energy consumption of fossil fuels are the main source of anthropogenic GHG. Global action is of great necessity in controlling the pace of climate change. Since the approval of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNECCC), the wrangle between nations about the goal and task of carbon emission reduction has never stopped. Despite all the controversy, people have consonant opinions on the big challenge:energy-saving and emission-reduction (ESER) is the key to control carbon emissions and tackle global warming issues. Each country can establish an ESER system in agreement with their actual situation by coordinating variables in ESER system efficiently, according to the country’s ESER plan. Then carbon emissions could be better controlled and energy intensity would decline to a great extent.China is going through a rapid economic development period. Economy development needs a huge amount of energy, the use of large quantities of energy will inevitably lead to carbon emissions increases steadily. Under the circumstances, the load capacities of resource environment in China have reached the limit. China’s economic and social development are suffering from strain in energy and sources supply, inefficient use of resources, zoology environment aggravation and other intractable problems. The resource environment under the extensive mode of economic development can not guarantee the sustainable development. Under the serious situation of resource environment, ESER which acts as operational concrete measure and breakthrough has been placed in the prominent place. China has put forward the ESER target clearly in the "12th Five-Year", i.e. energy consumption per unit GDP should be reduced by16%, carbon intensity should be reduced by17%. Which indicate that China has decided to incorporate climate change and ESER into strategic issue, and make them to be the core content of nation development strategy.According to domestic actual conditions, this study brought ESER, carbon emissions, economic growth, carbon tax, new energy, energy intensity, low carbon lifestyle and other corresponding variables into a nonlinear dynamics system with the analysis of the relationship between the variables. The dynamic behavior of the system is analyzed by nonlinear development equation theory. Taking the real situation in China for instance, an empirical study is undertaken. The vectors which can significantly affect energy intensity is studied, the key point to decrease energy intensity is put forward. The impacts of these variables on economic growth energy is analyzed simultaneously, the ESER system and its application which accord with Chinese national condition are discussed.A novel three-dimensional ESER system is proposed, which is established in accordance with the complicated relationship between energy-saving and emission-reduction, carbon emissions and economic growth. The dynamic behavior of the system is analyzed by means of Lyapunov exponents and bifurcation diagrams. Artificial neural network (ANN) is used to identify the quantitative coefficients in the simulation models according to the statistical data of China, and an empirical study of the real system is carried out with the results in perfect agreement with actual situation. It is found that the sooner and more perfect energy-saving and emission-reduction is started, the easier and sooner the maximum of the carbon emissions will be achieved, the easier the ESER system could be controlled and the more energy intensity could be declined, so as to achieve the goal of reducing the carbon dioxide emissions and keeping proper energy intensity.Cost of conserved energy (CCE) is the restrictive factor of ESER, and the decision-making basis of energy saving measures. Government control and low carbon lifestyle is the key to control carbon emissions and decrease energy intensity. Investment in new technology of ESER will have certain effects on economic growth. This study develops a selective-constrained ESER dynamic evolution system further, introducing cost of conserved energy, government control, low carbon lifestyle and investment in new technology of ESER into ESER system, which act as restriction conditions. The impact of these restriction conditions on energy intensity and economic growth are Analyzed. Two different cases of ESER are proposed after a comprehensive analysis. The relations between variables and constraint conditions in the ESER system are harmonized remarkably. A better solution to carry out ESER is put forward.Among the variables affecting carbon emissions, carbon tax as one of the most effective economic measures of controlling carbon emissions has become an area of academic interest. Levying carbon tax timely and appropriately and dealing with the relation between energy-saving and emission-reduction, energy intensity and economic growth appropriately will reduce carbon emissions and energy intensity to a great extent. By analyzing the dynamic behavior of the system, the evolution tendency of carbon tax in the ESER system is studied. The concept of turning point of energy intensity in the four-dimensional dynamic system is put forward for the first time. By adjusting the correlation coefficients of the four-dimensional system, more effective methods being performed to steadily and diligently reduce energy intensity. Take for instance the situation in China, the problem of when and how to introduce carbon tax are settled within the framework of the four-dimensional dynamic system. Furthermore, the method to improve the effects of carbon tax properly in the ESER system is discussed.The development and utilization of new energy is an important way to solve the energy shortage, environmental pollution and so on, which is also an effective power source for the development of low carbon economy. This study brings new energy into the dynamics ESER system and analyzes the effect of new energy on energy intensity and economic growth. The result shows that, by relying on the development of new energy or simply increasing investment to develop new energy, the effect of controlling energy intensity is not conspicuous. When the financial investment is too high, the inhibition effect on economic growth is great or fatal. Increasing overall investment in energy-saving and emission-reduction system which includes new energy, energy intensity could be declined better. When the overall investment gets larger, the inhibition effect on economic growth is also getting bigger in the early stage, however, with the further development of the dynamics system and the gradual maturity of new energy, the investment’s promoting effect on economic growth is also very bigger.Innovations of this paper are as follows:applying systems science analysis theory, dynamic system modeling method, artificial neural network, game theory, contrall and optimize principle, complexity systems analysis and decision theory to study the ESER system with Chinese characteristics. Science and reasonable quantitatively analyses is established under the background of developing ESER in the new domestic situation. This study combines theory with example. Both qualitative research and quantitative research are used. Based on the time-varying energy intensity calculation formula, which is derived from the ESER system, this research has illustrated the impacts of carbon tax, new energy and other restriction conditions on energy intensity and economic growth. With the aid of simulation figures, the evolution behavior influence trends are shown vividly, and the contrast analysis of these results are put forward. A series of research results that accord with Chinese national condition are given, a good solution for further carrying out ESER is provided under China’s basic conditions.