The Ecological Emigration In West Of China Sustainable Development Research

Since the20th century, the world economy is in a rapid expansion. The problems of regional resource depletion and environmental issues are being evolved into a global problem. The global ecological and economic environment as a whole is showing a deteriorating trend. Due to the problems of large scale of China’s population, low resources per capita, the imbalance between resources and environmental development, land low utilization of land, the ecological environment is deteriorating. The western region’s economic development is underdeveloped, farmers and herdsmen also have the problems of excessive cultivation and overgrazing. Farmers and herdsmen in fragile ecological environment do not have a strong awareness of ecological environment protection, which results in a cycle of " the poorer to the more cultivated, more cultivated the poorer". In order to break the "vicious cycle" and promote the local sustainable development, we need to carry out the ecological migrants construction project, and transfer the farmers and herdsmen out of the deterioration of the ecological environment in west region. In this way, we can change the ecological poverty-stricken areas into ecological and healthy development.The report of the17th Party’s Congress pointed out ecological civilization construction requirements, such as "man and nature harmonious development", "good ecological environment","ecological construction". The18th Party’s Congress wrote the ecological civilization construction into the overall layout of socialism with Chinese characteristics officially, and emphasized the "foster the respect for nature, be harmonious with nature, protect the natural concept of ecological civilization, make the ecological civilization construction into economic construction, political construction and cultural construction. Strive to build a beautiful and sustainable development of China."As an important measure of the ecological environment construction and economic poverty alleviation and development of western region, ecological migration has been widely implemented in China’s western region ecological environment construction and poverty alleviation and development, and has been admitted by the international community. China’s western region of ecological migration is a systematic engineering that matters of economy, society, resources, environment and other aspects. The sustainable resettlement of immigrants is the basis for sustainable development and an important measure of western regions economics, society and environment. The research of ecological migrant is not just a theoretical problem, but has a strong practical relevance. The purpose of studying western ecological immigrant sustainable development is to make a comprehensive summary of China’s ecological migrants’historical experience, to explore the rural and pastoral areas in the western region ecological environment protection and construction, as well as ecological migration production lifestyle changes, and to make a sustainable development of agricultural and pastoral areas, farmers and herdsmen.This paper’s theoretical foundation is the law of population migration, the sustainable development theory, equity theory, the ecological restoration and ecological economic theory, the ecological immigration factors in selecting theory, the externality theory. This paper also use the method of combining the empirical research, normative research, field research, qualitative analysis and quantitative research, statistical analysis and comparative analysis. Besides, this paper studies the comprehensive experiences of domestic and foreign scholars’ ecological migration of existing achievements and learns from these experiences. Based on the national "12th Five-Year Plan" and national ecological migrants’ construction plan, this paper studies the ecological migration issues from the perspective of sustainable development. According to the real conditions of China’s western region geographical location, this paper chooses the sustainable ecological migrants development model through the exploration of the different types of migration patterns, and makes a reasonable and scientific evaluation on the sustainable development of the entire western region of ecological migration. This study will help to improve China’s ecological migration theory, sustainable development and provide a theoretical support for the follow-up ecological migrants on one hand; on the other hand, it puts forward the ideas and principles of sustainable development of China’s western region of ecological migration, immigration process and the subsequent development of the coupling mechanism and to achieve the ecological migrants sustainable development countermeasures recommendations.