Preparation Of Jet Fuel Range Iso-paraffins By Catalytic Transformation Of Bio-oil

For the moment, the world’s energy supply depends strongly on crude oil-derived liquid fuels. The increasing of oil consumption and more strict environmental legislations have led to global attention on developing alternative hydrocarbon bio-fuels. Here, we performed the research of the production of bio-syngas and the synthesis of bio-fuels via olefinic oligomerization and Fischer-Tropsch reaction. The main work was the preparation of jet fuel range iso-paraffins.(1) Production of jet fuel range iso-paraffins from bio-oil by atmospheric catalytic transformation processThe work included the catalytic cracking of the bio-oil to light olefins mixture gas and the room-temperature atmospheric polymerizations of olefins mixture gas to jet fuel range iso-paraffins.In the first step, the production of light olefins mixture gas by the catalytic cracking of bio-oil was performed with La/HZSM-5 catalyst. Under the reaction temperature of 550℃, The yield of light olefins was up to 0.25Kg/Kg (bio-oil). The products formed in the catalytic cracking reaction suggest that the bio-oil cracking, deoxidization and hydrogen transfer may occur simultaneously.The [BMIM]Al2Cl7 ionic liquid was used for the low-temperature polymerizations of light olefins mixture gas. We studied the influence of reaction conditions on the conversion of light olefins and distribution of the products. It can be seen that under the conditions of room temperature and atmospheric pressure, the conversion of propylene and butene reached 97.0% and 98.6%, respectively. The selectivity of C8-C15 was up to 80.6%, with more than 90% of them were iso-paraffins. Moreover, the characterizations by the 1H-NMR,13C-NMR and GC-MS analyses indicated that the hydrocarbons in synthetic fuels belong to the alkane’s compounds, suggesting that the olefinic polymerizations, hydrogen transfer, isomerization and hydrogenation could occur simultaneously in presence of the [BMIM] A12C17 ionic liquid catalyst.(2) Preparation of hydrocarbon bio-fuels from bio-oil by the coupling of olefin polymerization and Fischer-tropsch synthesis reactionIn this work, an integrated catalytic transformation for producing bio-fuels using bio-oil was demonstrated, which included the catalytic cracking of the bio-oil to bio-syngas, the bio-syngas conditioning, and the synthesis of liquid bio-fuels via the oligomerization of olefins and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.We performed the catalytic cracking reaction of bio-oil with Ce/HZSM-5 catalyst. Under the reaction temperature of 550℃, The yield of effective bio-syngas was up to 370.8 g/Kg (bio-oil). After the conditioning process, the H2/CO increased from 0.33 to 1.97.The yield of hydrocarbon bio-fuels by the coupling of olefin polymerization and Fischer-tropsch synthesis reaction (526.1 g/(kg bio-syngas)) significantly higher than the olefin polymerization (458.2 g/(kg bio-syngas)) or Fischer-tropsch synthesis reaction (119.6 g/(kg bio-syngas)) alone.