| With the development and popularity of outdoor sports, it has gradually become the research direction of the textile industry to develop more adaptive textiles by increasing the functionality of materials. A new thermo-regulated & flame retardant fabrics was studied in this dissertation, and the mechanisms of its various functions were comprehensively researched. We designed the energy-storaging material through solid solid phase-change and the natural macromolecule flame retardant. The phase-change energy-storaging thermo-regulated infrared jamming synthetic fabrics and flame retardant viscose fiber were prepared by melt spinning and wet spinning techniques, and the flame retardant fabrics were further prepared by covering yarn process. The composite fabrics were also explored.Diphenyl methane diisocyanate(MDI), polyethylene glycol(PEG), 1,4- butanediol(BDO), ethylenediamine(EDA), dibutyltin dilaurate(DBTDL), triethylamine(TEA) and nano silica(NS) were used as raw materials to synthesis Polyurethane infrared jamming phase change material(PUIJPCM). The phase-change properties of PEG with different molecular weights were studyed. The relationship between phase transition temperature and molecular weight was analyzed by curve fitting. Optimum synthesis conditions were determined by orthogonal test and single factor method. R value, temperature, time and NS content were set as influential factors, and the particle size distribution of PUIJPCM was set as evaluation indexes. The results of FTIR test showed that the PUIJPCM was synthesized successfully, the addition of NS played a certain interference in the infrared spectrum of PUIJPCM. Due to the restraint of the hard segment in the molecular chain, the phase transition enthalpy and the phase transition temperature of PUIJPCM were decreased by DSC charcteristics. The results of TGA showed that the thermal decomposition temperature PUIJPCM was high being applicable to melt spinning for the most of chemical fibers. And it has a good thermal stability in the phase transition temperature range. The phase transition of PUIJPCM was reversible, and it had a excellent stability of thermal cycling. The 3D pictures of TG-FTIR test showed that the main products of PUIJPCM in thermal decomposition process were CO2 at below 300 and above 500 oC, alkanes and CO2 in the temperature range of 300 oC ~500oC.PUIJPCM and PET masterbatches were blended and granulated by a twin-screw extruder to synthesize TRIJPET masterbatch successfully. According to the result of FTIR, no transesterification reaction was found between PUIJPCM and PET. Process flow of melt spinning was determined by the results of DSC & POM. TRIJPET fibers were successfully prepared by melt spinning, the addition of PUIJPCM did not have a big impact on spinnability. The masterbatch of TRIJPET has a good fiber forming property, and TRIJPET fiber has a good storage phase change thermal infrared interference function. The addition of PUIJPCM slightly lowered the oxidative pyrolysis temperature of PET. The flame retardancy of PET fibers wasn’t improved by adding PUIJPCM, need to further improve. Single fiber strength of PET was decreased and the elongation at break was improved slightly due to the addition of PUIJPCM. The moisture regain and hand feel of TRIJPET and PET were more or less the same. The disadvantage of poor moisture absorption performance still exists.In order to compensate the lacks of flame retardant and moisture absorption of TRIJPET, a flame-retardant viscose fiber was prepared. Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene(HCCTP) and collagen(CG) were used as the raw materials to synthesize collagencoclotriphosphazene(CGCP). The Fourier transform infrared results indicate that flame retardant CGCP was successfully synthesized. The viscose fibers blended by CGCP were prepared by the wet spinning method, and the properties of the fiber were investigated. Limiting oxygen index(LOC) of the flame-retardant fiber containing 12% CGCP was 28.8%, which increased greatly comparing to the fiber sample without CGCP and just decreased slightly to 28.6% after 30 washing cycles. The thermal analysis shows that the introduction of CGCP increased the decomposition rate of viscose fiber at a lower temperature, and caused less weight loss. After burning, the scanning electron microscopy image showed an inflated carbonized coat on the fiber surface. The effect of collagencoclotriphosphazene on the mechanical properties of the fibers was insignificant.TRIJPET was blended with FRVF by core-spun method. TRIJPET fiber filament was set as a core, and the FRVF was set as an overcoat to change the disadvantage of moisture permeability and flame retardant. After the FRVF spun into roving, TRIJET fiber filament was added in spun yarn. The core yarn samples with different ratios(TRIJPET : FRVF=6 : 4; 5.5 : 4.5; 5 : 5) by adjusting the amount of TRIJPET were prepared. Limiting oxygen index of the BXS-c was 27.6% and just decreased slightly to 27.1% after 30 washing cycles. Thermostat function tests showed that the temperature difference between BXS and BXS-c is about 5 oC. Mechanical strength tests described BXS-c is a yarn with good weaving performance. Moisture regain tests show that the moisture regain of BXS-c has been gradually approaching the cotton fiber.The phenomena of thermo-regulated infrared jamming & flame retardent of BXS-c were evaluated by TGA, DSC, SEM and TG-FTIR techniques. The physical process in spinning process flow has no effect on thermo-regulated infrared jamming capability of TRIJPET. By changing the raw material of PUPCM can increase the phase change enthalpy, and get a thermo-regulated infrared jamming & flame retardent yarns with more phase change enthalpy. The internal of BXS-c was TRIJPET, after heated TRIJPET yarns from inside begins to melt, and the molten TRIJPET flow to outer layer of yarns by the diversion effect of higher temperature. Then it carbonized by the polymetaphosphate which generated by FRVF. The NS will be brought into the atmosphere by gas stream when the thermal decomposition of TRIJPET. This phenomenon explains that the combustion of chemical fiber, plastics and other materials, which contains nano additives, could greatly increased the content of respirable particulate matter, causing serious air pollution. Therefore, when develop a new materials which containing nanoparticles we should do a prospective study of its recycling.In order to solve the pollution problems of polyester/viscose blended fabrics, the hydrolysis method by concentrated phosphoric acid was used to recycle and reuse the composite yarn. FTIR results show that the filter residue is TRIJPET. The carbonized product contains large amounts of benzene ring structures, this explains the hydrolysis and carbonization of cellulose in concentrated phosphoric acid. The SEM results showed that the diameter of the carbonized product is uniform, and they pile together to formed some cavities, which increase the adsorption capacity. The average particle size of carbonization product was 346.94 nm. The absorbing capacity of the carbonization product for oil is better than that of cotton and activated carbon, but weaker than that of the expanded graphite. Adsorption capacity test of oil pollution on water surface shows that adsorption capacity of carbonized product also reached 55g/g, which means that carbonization product can be used as a kind of hydrophobic oil absorbing material for the treatment of water pollution. |
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