| Improvements in the activity of activated sludge are essential to the development of activated sludge sewage treatment systems. To effectively use the characteristics of microorganisms attached to a solid surface, a series of biological fillers were recently developed to enhance and improve the biological treatment of sewage, but these bioactive fillers have mainly been used in biological contact oxidation sewage treatment or in hybrid biological treatment technologies. Their main role is to provide a good location for microbial growth, but they do not enhance and improve the activity of activated sludge in the sewage treatment. Therefore, a novel multi-component composite biological filler(bio-filler) was developed, which can enhance and improve the characteristics of activated sludge through internal or external processes. Therefore, the complex humic biological filler(hereinafter referred to as composite fillings) was developed, which can enhance and improve the characteristics of activated sludge through internal or external processes. In this paper, by incorporating this biological filler into a Sequencing Batch Reactor(SBR), the improvement of composite fillings for SBR technology was systematically studied.In this paper, residual activated sludge, clay, humus, silicon compounds, fly ash, and humic acid organic fertilizer were used as raw materials, sodium silicate and calcium chloride were used as an adhesive in a certain percentage, the strength and sludge settling properties were elected as the preferred conditions. Compare and analyze with the multiple-component ratio test, the complex filler were prepared to improve the sludge characteristics in sewage treatment system under the conditions of optimum process parameters. The filler is a drab cylinder, the average dimensions and related parameters were: diameter = 15 mm, and length = 35 mm, volume = 6 cm3, weight = 12 g, density = 2 g cm-3, surface area = 9.89 m2 g-1, total pore volume = 0.04 cc g-1, and pore size = 18.8 A.Though the analysis of complex filler by organic matter and humus Composition, surface morphology, spectrum components and functional group, characterization and discussed the internal composition and microstructure of the composite filler, the results indicate that the surface of the biological filler had a rough, porous, and loose structure, which provides a large surface and ensures a large adsorption capacity. The main elements within the biological filler were C, N, O, Al, Si, the highest content of O, Si, C the element with the highest content was O, with a weight percentage of 41.37%, the next most abundant element was Si, with a weight percentage of 23.50%, and the third most abundant element was C, with a weight percentage of 19.01%. Study and analysis the activated sludge in the three-group SBR, found that the sludge activity in SBR which adding complex fillers is superior to conventional SBR, and the complex filler was stable during the sewage treatment process, the humus content remained unchanged before and after used.Start test results of complex filler SBR system wastewater treatment system showed that compared to conventional SBR, two SBR which adding complex filler that could shorten the start-up time, improve the NH3-N, TN and TP removal efficiency of 6.14%, 6.09% and 5.01% respectively. In the stage of stable operation, the average removal COD, NH3-N, TN and TP were improved, respectively, 2%, 8%, 12% and 3%. Compared to conventional SBR, the complex filler SBR can improve the NH3-N, TN and TP removal efficiency, with the percentage of 7.52%, 9.58% and 4.62%.The run test result of two complex SBR system and control SBR system showed that COD removal efficiency of the three groups SRT(7d, 14 d and 21d) have shown very good condition removal with the increase of SRT, NH3-N removal rate gradually increased from 83.83% to 90.11%, TN removal rate gradually increased from 56.62% to 73.00%, TP removal rate increased from 88.29% to 93.95% and then lower to 92.58%. With the increase of HRT, COD removal cases were not affected, but NH3-N removal rate gradually increased from 70.09% to 89.48%, TN removal rate gradually increased from 40.36% to 73.12%, TP removal rate gradually increased from 82.38% to 95.51%. With the increase of aeration intensity, NH3-N removal rate gradually increased from 83.08% to 90.60%, TN starting with55.39% rise to73.33%, and then decreased to60.74%, TP removal rate gradually increased from 89.32 % to 96.19%. When the water temperature is gradually decreased from 23℃ to 13℃, COD removal cases were not affected, but NH3-N removal rate gradually decreased from 91.33% to 81.98%, TP removal rate decreased from 92.56% to 89.68%. When the p H increased from 5.5 to 8.5, COD removal rate increased from 67.75% to 83.09%, NH3-N removal rate gradually increased from 72.53% to 91.23%, TN removal rate gradually increased from 52.98% to 73.19%, TP removal rate increased from 80.19% to 88.04%。We found that three groups of activated sludge is mainly attributable to the 11 communities in the door with the technology of Miseq high-throughput sequencing, they are Proteobacteria 、 Bacteroidetes 、 Chlorobi、 Spirochaetae 、 Fibrobacteres 、Firmicutes、Candidate_division_TM7、BD1-5、Verrucomicrobia、Planctomycetes and undetermined taxonomic status bacteria, the distribution ratio is quite different. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chlorobi and Spirochaetae are dominant flora, they take up the 87.3%(internal filler), 88.27%(control group) and 94.48%(external filler) of the total sequence number. Proteobacteria proportion in activated sludge communities with internal and external filler were 45.04% and 49.11%, which is higher than the proportion in control group that of 34.85%, indicating that microorganisms with adding complex filler SBR system could improve the ability that adopt to the environment. Saprospiraceae proportion in activated sludge communities with internal and external filler were 8.09% and2.86%, which is lower than the proportion in control group that of 29.82%, the Saprospiraceae groups reduced, the secretion of extracellular polymer reduced, it could enhance the settling properties of activated sludge, which is consistent with the experimental results. Xanthomonadales proportion in activated sludge communities with internal and external filler were 17.12% and 23.17%, which is higher than the proportion in control group that of 5.51%, indicating that the Phosphorus removal ability is improved. Flavobacterium proportion in activated sludge communities with internal and external filler were 5.68% and 10.02%, which is higher than the proportion in control group that of 0.43%, it could remove the pollutants in a low temperature. |
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