| Dyes and antibiotics, as two kinds of the persistent organic pollutants, have ubiquitous in the environment due to their worldwide application, which have threatened the human health and environment seriously. So it’s necessary to research a high efficient removal techniques to remove these two kinds of organic pollutants effectively has important practical significance.Three typical azo dye (Methylene blue, orange Ⅱ and Acid black 1) and two typical fluoroquinolone antibiotics (Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin) are selected as target pollutant, the form of with four different morphologies, four carbon precursors carbon, amination and magnetic ordered mesoporous carbons were prepared by nanometer technology, and to study adsorption performance of dyes and antibiotics by experiment. At the same time, the regeneration performance of mesoporous carbon with different morphology and carbon source has carried on the preliminary exploration.The mesoporous carbons with controlled morphologies including long rods, short rods, spheres and massive have been synthesized through hard template methods usingTEOS as silica source, and sucrose as the carbon precursor. The experimental results show that:Spheres mesoporous carbon showed the best adsorption removal effect for methylene blue and orange II, this is because the ball mesoporous carbon has the maximum specific surface area and total volume structure; long rods mesoporous carbon showed the best adsorption removal effect for Acid black 1 and two antibiotics, this is due to the space structure of the long rod mesoporous carbon is more suitable for acid black dye long chain structure; in addition, the long rods mesoporous carbon has the larger specific surface area and total volume (micro and meso holes); And the massive mesoporous carbon has the worst removal adsorption effect for the three kinds of dyes and 2 kinds of antibiotics. After 3 times of recycling, the long rods, short rods, spheres and massive adsorption for methylene blue rate from 98.95%,97.28%,94.96% and 99.37% to 95.23%, 94.18%,91.45% and 96.82%, respectively;Adsorption rate for orange from 91.49%,90.98%, 88.30% and 93.75% to 89.53%,87.37%,85.34% and 90.68%, respectively.A new carbon precursor has been obtained by a new route and other carbon precursor together regards as carbon precursor through hard template methods to prepare mesoporous carbons. To studies the preparation of mesoporous carbon materials removal performance for the two types of adsorption of the organic matter, the results showed that the mesoporous carbon prepared with furfuryl alcohol carbon precursor has the best effect of the adsorption removal for 3 kinds of dyes and of 2 kinds of antibiotics, this is because the furfuryl alcohol as carbon source for preparation of mesoporous carbon materials have the greatest specific surface area and the total volume; Mesoporous carbon prepared with anthracene as carbon source has the worst removal efficiency for the two types of organic matter. The adsorption capacity of mesoporous carbon decreases less after reuse 3 times, this result illustrates that the four types of mesoporous carbon have the extremely good repeated usability.Mesoporous carbon was surface amine-functionalized by incorporating nitrogen-containing functional groups into surface through ammonia treatment at high temperatures. The results showed that modified mesoporous carbon exhibits high adsorption performance for AB1 in comparison with virgin mesoporous carbon, and increases with increasing temperature or ammonia flow, preparation of amination of mesoporous carbon on adsorption properties of acid black to improve even more significant, This is due to the specific surface area and pore volume of mesoporous carbon obviously increased with increasing ammoniation temperatures and ammonia gas flowrate; moreover, the hydrophobicity of mesoporous carbon materials surface increase after amination is the cause of the adsorption effect increased. Considering the factors, the best preparation conditions for amination of mesoporous carbon, activation temperature is 900℃, ammonia flow 60 mL/min.We used ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H2O) as the iron source to prepare ferromagnetic ordered mesoporous carbon by pre-and post-wet impregnation method, and compared the adsorption effect of magnetization mesoporous carbon by two ways, the results showed that the adsorption effect of the magnetization mesoporous carbon is increased with the increase of magnetic is reduced, this is due to the increased with the increase of the degree of magnetization, the specific surface area and the total of mesoporous carbon significantly reduced. In comparison, the magnetic mesoporous carbon has better adsorption of acid removal effect is obtained by pre-impregnation method than post-of mesoporous carbon black dye. By external magnetic field, the magnetic materials and dye wastewater is easy to get separated after adsorption were completed. Therefore, it is a kind of alternative, easily recycled way to prepare magnetic mesoporous carbon. |
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