The Research On The Protection And Development Of Manchu Traditional Houses In Northeast China With The Ecological Self-organizing Aesthetics Perspective

Human beings damage the nature and cultural heritage, which severely threatstheir own livings. The unplanned construction of the towns neglects the necessity ofmerging the traditional culture exploration with emerging culture resources. As aresult, the culture exploration and protection of the historical buildings are abandoned.The excessive abuse of techniques assimilates the appearances of the fast-developingtowns, eliminating the locally aesthetic feature for each unique town. Since theregionalism property of the building is architectures’ aesthetic inherent nature, theresearch on this property mainly focuses on the communications between thetraditional resident houses and modern local aesthetic specialties. The regionalismaesthetic theory loses its basis if the necessary communications are missed. Moreover,the regional aesthetic features of the buildings themselves also disappear. Therefore,no matter whether the buildings themselves are complete or not, it is criticallysignificant to understand the generation mechanism and profound connotation ofbuildings with the framework of the regionalism aesthetic theory of towns.In this paper, several instances are illustrated to interpret the relationshipbetween the self-organizing aesthetic theory and regional buildings, discovering theself-organizing aesthetic principle in the buildings, thus to better service the regionalbuildings with the utilization of the spontaneous generation pattern. The paper followsthe mainline of the traditional Manchu residence houses of the villages and towns innortheast China, based on the self-organizing aesthetic theory from the ecologicalaesthetic point of view. Furthermore, the aesthetic characteristics of the Manchutraditional villages and towns, historical environment, folk culture etc. are interpreted.Combined with the self-organizing theory, the regionalism and spontaneity of thebuildings in town are explained. In addition, the content of the regionalism andgeneration mechanism are clarified. To understand the self-organizing process of theregional building community constructed based on the spontaneity generation, thehistorical remains relics and status of the Manchu traditional regional settlementlandscape in northeast China are analyzed and interpreted. The first-hand data onManchu traditional buildings’ self-organizing aesthetic evolvement are obtained bysite visiting, data collection and textual research. At the same time, the road to revivethe ancient towns in northeast China and to complete the self-organizing theoreticalstudy on Manchu residence house settlement landscape in the field of landscape architecture of China are discussed. Additionally, the existence of the Manchutraditional residence house is aesthetically defined and evaluated. To solve theproblems of the protection and development of the Manchu traditional residencehouses, the thoughts on the regional self-organizing aesthetic development of theresidence houses are well organized. Practical advises on the protection anddevelopment of the Wula ancient town are provided as an example to apply the theoryinto the practice based on the success cases in foreign countries. The protection anddevelopment of the traditional villages concentrates the civilization and witness of thehuman beings. As a carrier of the ancient human civilization, traditional residencehouses present rich ecological aesthetic characteristics and historical culture value aswell.During the construction of the towns, there is a lack of instructions and researchon spontaneity, which is one of the important characteristics of the vernaculararchitecture but insufficiently understood. In the premise of self-organizing generationtheory, it is necessary to interpret the spontaneity aesthetic law of the Manchutraditional buildings and expand the understandings on the building regionalism. Theauthor believes that the spontaneity is the fundamental reason why the region exhibitsthe regional aesthetic features. It is the key force for the generation of the buildingregionalism. Based on the framework of the theory of self-organizing, this paperexpands the aesthetic research domain of town building with the theme “spontaneousbuilding” and further understands the context and generation mechanism of thebuilding regionalism. Without them, it is impossible to master the generation anddevelopment of the aesthetic regionalism, in order to reserve and further develop theethnical buildings. The last-long development of a nation cannot be realized if there isno protection, heritage, and improvement of the excellent elements in each nationalculture and history.The research is an interdisciplinary study. Since it is based on the self-organizingperspective of Manchu traditional residence houses in northeast China, the theoreticalframework of the thesis consists of the aesthetics theory, self-organizing theory,spontaneous generation theory and architecture theory. The general idea is to considerthe effect of “ecological self-organizing theory” on “generation pattern of the ancientbuilding community” comprehensively and the effect of the author-self’sunderstandings of the architecture knowledge structure on the research of the ancientarchitecture culture. The analyses are subjective, scientific, rigorous and realistic.Further, multiple disciplines’ methods are synthetically used, including environtology, culturology, ecology, architecture, logistics, inductive statistics etc. This researchadopts the research paradigm of the new history, which pays attention to thecomprehensive study of the history, emphasizing on discussions and explanationswith a relatively broad multidiscipline perspective.A real case, the actual ancient village town is selected as the research subject,which guarantees a better study on the phenomena while avoids the theoreticaldisputes. To meet the demand in real lives, the development of the buildingsthemselves own the characteristic of sensitivity. They have been through acontinuously changing process, reflected in materials, outlooks etc., to present thehistorical principle, development principle of housing architecture, and dynamiccharacteristic of the architecture community with regionalism. Based on the conflictsin the real cases, enrich the traditional ancient towns in theory and provide specificinstructions and advices for the construction of the Wula traditional village town inreal can be achieved at the same time.