| According to the present situation of high energy consumption, basic using coal heating, poor indoor thermal environment and serious indoor air quality pollution of the traditional house-hold building in cold and arid regions, a 117m2 house-hold building with one living room, four bedrooms and one toilet in Minqin County of Wuwei City, Gansu Province was reconstructed. Firstly, the effects of the transformation of building envelope, interior heat source and other measures for indoor thermal environment and indoor air quality were tested. Then indoor thermal environment of the house-hold green building was simulated by using Fluent. In addition,the further method of improving indoor thermal environment was proposed. Finally, classification evaluation criteria of indoor air quality and indoor thermal environment were combined to classified and evaluated indoor comfort. At the same time, the affect relationship between indoor/outdoor influencing factors and indoor comfort were researched by using gray theory and multivariate regression analysis.The main research contents and results are as follows,(1) For solar-energy input, indoor thermal environment of the house-hold green building using radiators in cold and arid regions were tested. Results show that, indoor air quality of the house-hold green building using radiator is in line with GB/T 18883-2002 Indoor Air Quality Standards, and GB/T 50824-2013 Rural Residential Building Energy Efficiency Design Standards. At the same time, Predicted Mean Vote of the house-hold green building∈[-1,0] and Predicted Percent Dissatisfied of the building<26%,means indoor thermal environment of the house-hold green building using radiator in cold and arid regions is comfort.(2) The indoor thermal environment of the house-hold green building using lowtemperature radiant floor and house-hold building using coal stove in cold and arid regions were simulated. And the results have been obtained that the average indoor temperature during the test period from high to low is the house-hold green building using radiators, the house-hold green building using low-temperature radiant floor and the lowest one is the house-hold building using coal stove. In addition, indoor thermal environment of the house-hold green building using low-temperature radiant floor is the most comfort. Furthermore, the simulation results are matched with the test results, so the simulation results could eflect the indoor thermal environment under different circumstances. Based on the above, the simulation results could accurately obtain the temperature distribution of the indoor field. And the effects of building envelope on indoor thermal environment was researched, get that under the same conditions, the indoor temperature of roof with insulation is 1℃ to 11℃ which higher than the situation without insulation, the indoor temperature of external wall with insulation is 1℃ to 12℃ which higher than the situation without insulation, insulation of exterior walls and roofs is 5℃ to 11℃ which higher than the situation neither insulation.(3) Indoor air quality of the house-hold green building in cold and arid regions was tested. The results show that the 1-hr averages of SO2, NO2, and CO content, 8-hr average of TVOC content, daily averages CO2 and PM10 contents, indoor wind speed, and relative humidity all satisfied GB/T 18883-2002 Indoor Air Quality Standard. The average indoor air temperature satisfied the requirements of GB/T 50824-2013 Design Standard of Energy-efficient Rural Housing. Comprehensive index of indoor air quality was calculated, the range of index is 0.50<I≤1.00, and the indoor air quality of the house-hold green building in cold and arid regionss is classified as class Ⅱ(nonpolluted).(4) Integrated with grading evaluation standard of indoor air quality and indoor thermal environment, indoor comfort degree of the house-hold green building was classified. It is concluded that days of indoor comfort classⅠaccounted for 19% of the total testing days, the number of days with class Ⅱ accounted for 37% of the total testing days and the number of days with class Ⅲ accounted for 44% of the total testing days.(5) The grey theory was used to analyze the relevance level between indoor comfort of the house-hold green building in cold and arid regions and various influence factors. Results show that, among indoor impact factors, the decreasing order associated with the building indoor comfort is indoor temperature,indoor wind speed, indoor air relative humidity, content of PM10, SO2, TVOC, CO2, CO and the smallest grey correlation is content of NO2. Among outdoor impact factors, the decreasing order associated with the building indoor comfort is average outdoor air temperature, outdoor wing speed, and the smallest grey correlation is solar radiation. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the correlations of indoor comfort and influence factors. Among indoor impact factors, when all other variables were constant, the indoor comfort degree increased by an average of 0.283 with the increase of indoor air temperature by 1℃, decreased by an average of 0.364 with the increase of indoor wind speed by 1m/s, decreased by an average of 0.246 with the increase of indoor relative humidity by 1%, decreased by an average of 0.012 with the increase of SO2 content by 1mg/m3, decreased by an average of 0.016 with the increase of NO2 content by 1mg/m3, decreased by an average of 0.014 with the increase of CO content by 1 mg/m3, decreased by an average of 0.011 with the increase of TVOC content by 1mg/m3, decreased by an average of 0.015 with the increase of CO2 content by 1% and decreased by an average of 0.012 with the increase of PM10 content by 1mg/m3. Among outdoor impact factors, the indoor comfort degree decreased by an average of 0.012 with the increase of PM10 content by 1mg/m3, decreased by an average of 0.364 with the increase of outdoor wind speed by 1m/s, increased by an average of 0.258 with the increase of solar radiation by 1W/m2, and increased by an average of 0.722 with the increase of outdoor air temperature by 1℃.Innovations of this issue are as follows,(1) Indoor thermal environment and indoor air quality of the house-hold building using different heating system in cold and arid regions were systematically analyzed. Indoor thermal environment and indoor air quality of the house-hold building using different heating sources in cold and arid regions were comprehensively analyzed for the first time, including indoor radiators, low-temperature radiant floor and coal stove. And laid a good foundation to obtain the most comfortable indoor comfort of the house-hold building in cold and arid regions(2) Indoor comfort combined indoor air quality grading standards with indoor thermal environment grading standards was graduated evaluated. Aiming at the presented indoor environmental quality evaluation method of relevant organizations and academics, which directly in accordance with the temperature and humidity, the concentration of pollutants and other environmental parameters, indoor air quality and indoor thermal environment are get together to analyze indoor comfort. Simultaneously, indoor environmental evaluation standard based on the comfort was established. According to these not only could determine the indoor environment quality level, but also could guide the indoor environment’s classification and selection of different buildings.(3) Gray theory and multivariate regression analysis were used to research the relationship between indoor/outdoor environmental factors and building indoor comfort. It is obtained the gray correlation degree between indoor/outdoor air temperature, air velocity, solar radiation, relative humidity of indoor air, content of indoor air pollution and indoor air comfort. At the same time, it is got that particular change degree of indoor comfort when only a single factor was changed get. |
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