| Under the background of high comfort and energy saving of buildings all over the world,passive buildings came into being.Since passive buildings can further reduce building energy consumption on the basis of improving indoor comfort,it is of great significance to conduct post-assessment on the indoor environment and building energy consumption of those who are occupied.This thesis used field research and computer simulation to test and evaluate the indoor air environment,actual operation energy consumption and actual electricity consumption of residents in a passive residential building(referred to as ‘passive house')that has been in use for several years in severe cold area.Firstly,the actual operating conditions of a passive house enclosure structure and energy-using system in severe cold area were investigated.Four and two passive house residences were selected to track the indoor thermal environment for 6 months in winter and 3 months in summer.The change trend of indoor air temperature and relative humidity were monitored and analyzed.During the heating period,the average indoor air temperature reached above 28?,which was higher than the winter thermal comfort limit of 24?.The average indoor relative humidity was 33.9%,which was lower than the thermal comfort limit of 40%.In summer,the average indoor air temperature was25.9°C,for 43% of the period which was above the thermal comfort limit of 26°C.And the average relative humidity was 57.9%,for 40% of the period which was above the standard limit of 60%.Secondly,indoor air quality parameters of the samples above were simultaneously tracked and monitored.The characteristics of indoor carbon dioxide percentage and concentration of PM2.5 were analyzed.During the heating period,the average percentage of indoor carbon dioxide was 680.2ppm,which exceeded the standard for only about 6% of the time.The average concentration of indoor PM2.5 was 56.3?g/m3,which was low in the initial heating period,rising sharply in the mid-term,and declining in the final.In summer,the indoor carbon dioxide level met the standard as a whole,with an average value of 576.9ppm.The average concentration of indoor PM2.5 was about 33.8?g/m3,which was lower than the national standard limit.Thirdly,through on-site investigation and data mining,the daily electricity data of66 households of the passive house from March to December were collected and analyzed.The total daily electricity consumption of the passive house was in the range of 300?600k W·h,with the highest value in July and lower in transition season.The electricity consumption range of non-working day was significantly larger than that of working day.About 70% of households' monthly electricity consumption were in therange of 200?300k W·h,and about 4.5% of households had higher electricity consumption,which reached to 480 k W·h.The area and type of the residence affected electricity consumption,which showed a strong subjectivity of the residents.Finally,with the help of the indoor thermal environment research and electricity consumption survey results,the indoor design temperature parameters were determined and the room lighting and equipment power setting value was modified to establish a Energy Plus energy consumption simulation model of the buliding,aiming at simulating and comparing the itemized energy consumption of the HVAC design system operation mode and the actual operating system mode.Its actual heating energy consumption accounted for 80.8% of the total energy consumption,cooling,lighting and socket electricity accounted for 1.8%,2.7%,and 4.3% relatively.The energy consumption of heating,fans and pumps were relatively high compared to the design system,which was a great energy waste. |
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