Study On The Anti-bacteria And Anti-coccidiasis In Chicken By Hypericin

Hypericin is the most representative compounds of Hypericum which has a variety ofphysiological activities of anti-virus, anti-tumor, etc. Hypericin is a natural productwith advantages of a high level of safety and seldom residue in the environment,therefore, the study on hypericin’s effect on anti-bacteria and anti-chicken-coccidiasisis of significant value.The extraction and separation of hypericin: By learning the morphologicalchanges and the growth situation of Hypericum ascyron, the thesis aims to lay a soundfoundation for the study of artificial breeding technology, confirm a long-lastingusage of the recourses and provide a source of stability. Sexual reproduction togetherwith asexual reproduction experiments were conducted in the artificial breeding site.By field observation recording the changes of the shape and plant height and diameterrecorded by measurement tools in field-study recording method, mathematical modelis built with SPSS software. The result shows that the Hypericum ascyron, germinatesin late April each year, branches in late May and flowers in late June with its fullbearing period in early August and seed maturation in early October. The Verhaulstmodels for changes of plant height, leaves and branches aretrespectively. In asexual reproduction, thewhole transplant survival rate is100%and ramet survival rate is67.2%; in sexualreproduction, the germination rate is15.2%and the survival rate of bed out is36%. Inorder to find out whether the Hypericum ascyron contains hypericin, during researchinto the variation regularity of hypericin content and the optimization for theextraction method of hypericin,80%ethanol was used for extraction, macroporousresin and silicone column chromatography were applied to refine purification, and theprocess of high performance liquid chromatograph was used to track and detect theextraction separation and content change of hypericin. The result shows thatextraction using80%ethanol for two hours at80°C leads to the highest yield and the purity of product could be higher than2%by purification, accorded with generalinternational standards. It is also verified that the long column contains hypericin, thecontent of which changes with seasons: lower in May, peaking in June, beginning todecline in July and reaching the bottom in August. Furthermore, during the sameperiod, different organs have different content: highest in flowers, medium in leavesand lowest in stems.The antibacteria activity of hypericin: Coccidia-infected chicks are often exposedto secondary bacterial infections and aggravate symptoms after digestive tract trauma.There are exiting researches into inhibiting bacteria with traditional Chinese medicineextractives, but no experiment of hypericin’s inhibitory effects on bacteria has beenreported. Tests on the minimum inhibitory concentration of hypericin against the E.coli and S.aureus as well as Filter paper plate diffusion antibacterial tests wereconducted to see whether there is an obvious difference between the inhibitory effectsof different drug concentrations on the two strains, thus to study the antibacterialeffects of hypericin with different concentrations on E.coli and S.aureus. The resultsof the tests show that hypericin can inhibit these two types of bacteria to a certainextent. The minimum inhibitory concentration of hypericin against E. coli is3.2μg/mland against S.aureus is6.4g/ml. The variance analysis of variance shows that differentdrug concentrations have significant influence on the antibacterial effect of eachbacterium, and the bacteriostatic ability would improve with increasing concentration.Hypericin’s resistance against oocyst sporulation: The tests on hypericinanticoccidiosis in vivo showed that hypericin has effect on coccidia. In order to betterclarify the mechanism of hypericin anticoccidiosis, it is planned to investigatehypericin’s function in resisting the sporulation of coccidia in vitro through theobservation of hypericin’s effects on the sporulation rate of coccidia oocysts. Theresults of the test show that by using0.01%,0.03%and0.05%concentrations ofhypericin respectively for2days, sporulation rates of oocysts in both conditions could be decreased. By a chi-square test, the oocysts sporulation rates in the0.03%and0.05%concentrations groups are significantly different from that in the control groupculture (P <0.01); the sporulation rate is also lower than the control group in the0.01%concentrations group, but not very obvious (P>0.05). It means that hypericincould inhibit the sporulation of chicken coccidia oocysts in vitro.The effect of anticoccidiasis in chicken by hypericin: It is known that hypericinhas anti-virus and anti-tumor activity. In order to examine whether it could take effecton chicken coccidia, the hypericin anticoccidial test in vivo was carried out. Theresults of anticoccidial test in vivo show that hypericin has obvious activity againstchicken coccidia. The anticoccidial index is66.1when taking hypericin6mg/Individual,100.3in the group of8mg/Individual,126.0in the group of10mg/Individual and131.3in the group of12mg/Individual indicating that hypericin hascertain effects on chicken coccidia. The results provide a sound foundation forexpanding new fields of drug resource application and the research and developmentof new anticoccidiosis drugs, furnishing a new way for providing secure andenvironmental protection products.The effect of hypericin on blood index of chicken infected with coccidia：Physiological changes in the blood might also reflect the mechanism of drug effect tosome extent. In order to detect whether hypericin affects the blood index of chickeninfected with coccidia, blood of chicken infected with coccidia was collected bystages and several blood physiological indexes were determined. The results showthat the differences between the groups of chicken infected with chicken coccidia intheir total numbers of WBCs were significant: F=4.159, P=0.009; thecoccidia-infected without drug treatment group showed very significant differencefrom the hypericin12mg group and the blank control group and the sulfa drug group;the hypericin12mg group did not show significant difference from the sulfa druggroup and the blank control group. There was significant difference between variance analysis results of the RBC in different groups: F=2.78, P=0.037; thecoccidia-infected without drug treatment group showed significant difference from the12mg group, the sulfa drug group and the blank control group; the difference betweenthe12mg group and sulfa drug group was not significant, but that between the12mggroup and the blank control group was significant. Variance analysis result shows thatthe difference between hemoglobin groups was significant: F=3.02, P=0.037. Thepotassium ion analysis shows that there was no significant difference between groups,but data of the coccidia-infected without drug treatment group increased significantlyat the later stage. There was no significant difference between sodium ion groups invariance analysis, but data of the coccidia-infected without drug treatment groupdecreased greatly at the later stage. The variance analysis of chloride ionconcentrations shows that there was no significant difference between groups, butdata of the coccidia-infected without drug treatment group greatly declined later on,while the hypericin12mg group showed relative stability. The experimental resultanalysis indicates that hypericin has certain effects on the balance of blood index ofinfected chicken and can help improve the immunity of organisms.