Parasitoids Of Main Forest Sawflies In China

The sawflies are among the most significant insect pests on both forest and ornamental plants. While the population dynamics of sawflies are affected by natural factors, like natural enemies, are critical factors influencing occurrence of sawflies. Particularly, parasitoids, which play indispensable roles in biologically controlling forest and agricultural pests, are effective control factors on sawflies. The author carried out investigation on biology and taxonomy of parasitoids on sawflies in China through collecting and rearing a large number of parasitoid complexes. Parasitoid complexes and their control effects for Pristiphora erichsonii (Hartig), Arge pullata (Zaddach) Neodiprion huizeensis Xiao&Zhou were investigated extensively.1. One hundred and seven parasitoids and10hyperparasitoids belonging to45genera of two orders were obtained from24sawflies investgated and reared in laboratory. These parasitoids could be divided into3guilds, i.e. ichneumonids (95species), tachinids (11species), chalcids (7species), cuckoo wasps (2species), Taeniogonalos maga (Teranishi) and Trichopria sp. The ichneumonids consist of28new species:Olesicampe jingyuanensis, sp. nov., O. albibasalis, sp. nov., O. pristiphorae, sp. nov., Agrothereutes aprocerius, sp. nov., Caenocryptus weiningicus, sp. nov., Goryphus pristiphorae, sp. nov., G. weiningicus, sp. nov., Bathythrix rufiscuta, sp. nov., Endasys minius, sp. nov., E. qinlingensis, sp. nov., E. rufus, sp. nov, E. weichangicus, sp. nov., Gelis weiningicus, sp. nov., Distathma ningxiaica, sp. nov., Ctenopelma monorufia, sp. nov., Campodorus nigrus, sp. nov., Scolobates melanis, sp. nov., S. argeae, sp. nov., Scam bus qinghaiicus, sp. nov., Exyston orientalis, sp. nov., E. trilineatus, sp. nov., E. unilinealus, sp. nov. Lamachus nigrus Li, Sheng&Sun,2012, L. rufiabdominalis Li, Sheng&Sun,2012, Dusona pristiphorae Li,2013, Aptesis elongata Li&Sheng,2013, A. melana Li&Sheng,2013, A. nigricoxa Li&Sheng,2013have been reported. Pleolophus vestigialis (Forster,1850), Phygadeuon bidentatus (Uchida,1930), P. rugulosus Gravenhorst,1829, Scolobates auriculatus (Fabricius,1804), Delomerista indica Gupta,1982, Polyblastus (Labroctonus) westringi Holmgren,1857are new to China.2. The parasitoid complexes and their effects on Arge pullata (Zaddach), Pristiphora erichsonii (Hartig) and Neodiprion huizeensisXiao&Zhou were investigated. The main parasitoids on A. pullala are composed of5species. Their average parasitism rate on A. pullala is as high as11.0%. V. turrita is the dominant parasitoid and the average parasitism rate is10.0%.22parasitoids and4hyperparasitoids were obtained from overwintering mature larvae and cocoons of P. erichsonii. Cleptes semiauralus (L.) and Myxexoristops stolida (Stein) are the two dominant species parasitizing overwintering mature and cocoons of P. erichsonii in Changbai Mountains, the parasitism rates of them are8.8%to15.2%and4.6%to12.6%, respectively. Trichopria liupanshanensis Yang is the dominant species of this sawfly in Liupanshan Mountains, and the average parasitism rate is8.6%. The parasitoid complexes of N. huizeensis consist of16species. The average parasitism rate of overwintering cocoons of N. huizeensis by parasitoid complex is34.6%. The average parasitism rate of N. huizeensis by Drino auricapita Chao&Liang is13.1%, which is the dominant species of N. huizeensis.3. Catalogues of tachinids, chalcids, cuckoo wasps, T. maga and Trichopria sp. were compiled and provided. All of them were reared from sawtlies.