| The spatial allocation is an important content of protection forest research, andthe key technology to achieve optimal benefits of protection forest systemconstruction. The spatial allocation of protection forest needs not only division offunction and management models according to forest category structure, function andthe management goal, but also rational arrangement of forest category and foresttypes on the basis of site condition. The results of protection forest spatial allocationwill provide scientific reference for regional ecological forest project and decisionmaking for improvement of low yield and low function forests.The study was combined to the public special forestry research project in forestryHealth Management of Cypress Plantations in Central Sichuan Hilly Areas, theeleven-fifth key national research projects Optimization of Spatial Allocation andStand Structure of Protection Forest Systems in the Upper Reach of Yangtze River,and Renovation of Sloping Farmland and Optimization of Agro-forestry Structure inCentral Sichuan Hilly Areas.Taking the two typical watersheds-Pingtong river andGuansi river as objects of study, taking flood control, water conservation, increase ofriver runoff in poor rainfall season and enhancement of forest farmers’ income as thetarget, the spatial allocation and structural optimization of protection forest system inthe two watershed were carried out through "3S" technology. The paper mainlyresearch content and the main achievements were made as following:(1)Using matter-element model and AHP model, aided by "3S" technology, the quality and health condition of protection forests in Pingtong river and Guansi riverwere evaluated. A set of watershed protection forest health or quality evaluationtechnique system was initially established.Firstly, the GPS was used as the auxiliary tool in field investigation, collection ofinterpretation marks; land surface information was objectively gotten through remotesensing image. On the basis of above information, land use status and the distributionof protection forest was gained. Finally, under the support of GIS technology andusing mathematical model, the watershed protection forest health or quality level wasassessed."3S" technology is very useful in information acquisition, processing andanalysis, thus makes evaluation conclusion more practical.(2)"3S" technology was applied to the determination of the best forest coveragearea.The objective of regional scale spatial allocation of the main protection forestswas to solve the forest coverage rate, that is, how much forest could meet the needs ofthe comprehensive development of the region. Some Chinese scholars took the bestforest coverage rate as an index to determine the regional spatial allocation ofprotection forests. This paper firstly used "3S" technology for health or qualityevaluation of the regional forest, evaluation result was fulfilled to each plot and thearea of each quality level was determined; finally, the weighted area was used tocalculate the suitable forest coverage rate, the result of calculation is more rationaland scientific, and could provide the basis for further protection forest spatialallocation.(3) A set of "3S" technology for protection forest spatial allocation and structuraloptimization technology system was summarized. The "3S"was used to study thehealth or quality or land use suitability, then the suitable forest coverage wasdetermined and optimization of protection forest structure was implemented throughmathematical model. Through analysis of the field data, spatial allocation was carriedout under GIS support, this richened the research techniques for protection forestscience.(4)Regional protection forest vegetation type and structure was the key issues forresearch and construction of protection forest system. On the analysis of the fieldsurvey data and using mathematical model, protection forest vegetation types and thestand structure was put forward respectively, which represented different landscapeand economic regions in the upper Yangtze river; this result offered scientific basisfor protection forest construction and improvement of low yield and low function forest.(5)Protection forest structural regulation technology in the upper Yangtze riverHilly region of North of sichuan basin was systematically put forward.In the researched area, there were three kinds of low yield and low functionforests, that is, pure cypress forests, pure pine forests and pine-cypress mixed forest.On the basis of canopy density, coverage of shrubs and grasses,"Open-and-beatingwith broad-leafed species and ecological thinning technology were put forward.Besides, the effect after regulation was analyzed. This result will provide scientificbasis for protection forest project construction, improvement of low yield and lowfunction forest, and forest health management. |
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