| Since January 1964 the Yellow River entered sea from the northern delta of Diaokou river flowing route, lasted 12 years and 5 months, and it shifted the flowing route by Qingshuigou in May 1976. General and serious erosion occurred in Diaokou river coast because of natural factors of reduced river sediment recharging, the combined effects of ocean dynamics, sea level rise, storm surges and human factors of engineering construction, people’s daily production and life, etc. Compared with 1976, the eroded land area in Diaokou river estuary were totally to 307.56km2, the average annual erosion was 8.09km2.From 1976 to 2014, Diaokou river estuary in front of the shoreline retreated about 9.88km, the average annual erosion was 260m.This study aimed at the problem of coastal erosion of Yellow River delta Diaokou River. Through a system of historical monitoring data analysis, remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) integration technology, estuary sediment kinetics and unequal time interval grey model GM(1,1).Based on sources information of sediment transport monitoring data, remote sensing (Landsat MSS, Landsat TM, etc,1976-2014 years) and different sections of sedimentation monitoring data information sources on the river Diaokou roadshow become due and drivers, making the river Diaokou land and sea erosion dynamic evolution, the impact of dynamic evolution Diaokou shoreline and ocean dynamics combined effects on sediment transport Diaokou river estuary, near the river Diaokou analysis Coastal Erosion and shoreline protection sustainable development measures influence each other, explore the formation and evolution of the law of beach erosion and silt erosion balanced profile, the Yellow River Delta into the sea road Diaokou management, shoreline protection, as well as the development of the Yellow River Delta port economy offers theoretical support and scientific basis.This study explored coastal erosion in Diaokou river estuary and its impact on the alternate route into the sea research, and draw the following conclusions and recommendations, Based on the comprehensive analysis of the entire process of sand into the sea, shoreline, sea topography and ocean dynamic characteristics, etc.1. The characteristics of Diaokou River in the phase from 1964 to 1976:After a diversion overflow, supporting numerous Branchâ†'owned sharesâ†'single strand braidedâ†'branching out and developingâ†'diversions.2. Sand sedimentation and erosion characteristics at Estuaries during Diaokou river running time are:Net-made land area is approximately 340km2, the average land reclamation is about 28km2/a.3. Sand sedimentation and erosion characteristics after the river changed the route are: River Road near the shoreline Diaokou of the Yellow River into the sea due to the loss of sediment supply, has been in a continuous process and erosion, land area continue to become smaller, in 2014 and 1976 year compared to the estuary Diaokou total land area of the door eroded 307.56km2, the average annual erosion 8.09km2.4. Trend prediction of coastline changing by GM (1,1) model from 2015 to 2024 is: by using Om contour from 1976 to 2014 in CS1-CS8 bathymetric measurements and calculating results from the pitch painted sets analyze changes in silt erosion, and according Unequal Interval GM (1,1) model,0m contour modeling to predict the result:in the case without considering the construction of a seawall coast, Om line in and erosion were 94.4m, in consideration of the construction of a seawall, the coastal erosion does not occur retreat, will retire from the eclipse becomes horizontal plane perpendicular to the surface erosion, shallow water depth becomes deeper.5. The study of coastal protection and ecological restoration techniques:aiming to the status of the Yellow River beach, coastal protection, the industrial and agricultural development, and the extent of the relative fragility of ecosystems and the ecological balance of the actual situation, the use of artificial methods proposed wetland restoration and reconstruction of coastal ecological restoration important measures. And in the Yellow River Delta restore wetland ecological study, proposed, including physical (incineration, changing soil), chemical (extraction, chemical oxidation) and bioremediation wetland restoration technology, widely used in the Yellow River Delta reed wetland system was research and analysis.6. The Yellow River Delta Coastal Protection Study:Most onshore section of the Yellow River sediment supply due to a lack of overall retreat in a constant state of erosion, coastal protection works appropriate measures should be adopted to increase the bottom friction, or through the construction of protection works in the offshore to wave kinetic energy loss, reducing the impact of waves on the shore, thus weakening the other side of the beach is actually the wave erosion. Can be made suitable for the Yellow River Delta coastal protection measures are:seawalls, groins, offshore banks and other engineering measures and artificial beach fill sand (ie fill in beach nourishment), biological bank protection measures.7. Selection of Diaokou river near the coast erosion and shoreline retreating protective measures and its alternative road impact analysis:Coastal erosion due to retire shorten long Diaokou river, an increase of more than drop to the water line coming Diaokou river generate retrogressive erosion played a very good effect, while coastal erosion has increased the capacity of the sand sea area, increasing the future Diaokou river line the river life. |
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