| Tephritidae (Insecta:Diptera) was a large family having economic significance, including 3 subfamilies (Dacinae, Tephritinae and Trypetinae). More than 4500 species were recorded and arranged in more than 500 genera in the world. Subfamily Dacinae arranged in 3 tribes (Ceratitidini, Gastrozonini and Dacini) in southeast Asia. The supraspecific classification of the subfamily Dacinae remained in an ansettled state. The status of a great deal of genera and species needed further study, especially there was a great bifurcation in the identification of some related species, and morphological study could not provide a reliable criteria for Identification.More than 35000 specimens of Subfamily Dacinae were studied and identified, and the specimens were collected from Henan (Luoyang), Jiangsu (Jintan, Nanjing), Chongqing, Jiangxi (Fuzhou), Fujian (Xiamen, Fuzhou, Zhangzhou, Gutian and Putian), Guangxi (Nanning, Guilin), Guangdong (Dongguan, Guangzhou), Guizhou (Guiyang), Yunnan (Jinghong, Yuanjiang and Jianshui), Hainnan (Wenchang, Danzhou and Sanya). In the systematic account,2 tribes,3 genera and 41 species were described, including 11 new species and 2 new records of China. The 11 new species were described:B. (B.) cheni Zhang et Ji, sp. nov., B. (B.) guiyangensis, sp. nov., B. (B.) hardyi Zhang et Ji, sp. nov., B. (B.)jinghongensis Zhang et Ji, sp. nov., B. (B.) nanningensis, sp. nov., B. (B.) nigrifacia Zhang et Ji, sp. nov., B. (Javadacus) ziai, sp. nov., B. (Z.) baoshanensis Zhang et Chen, sp. nov., B. (Z.) hendeli, sp. nov., B. (Z.) proprescutellata Zhang et Ji, sp. nov., B. (Z.) zhaotongensis, sp. nov. Two new records of China were described:B. (B.) zonata (Saunders) and B. (Z.) vultus (Hardy). Key to subgenera and species were given.11 new species were described in English too, and figures of 41 species were provided. All specimens were deposited in Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University.In order to clarify the genetic relationship of different geographic populations of Bactrocera scutellata, the 826bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅱ gene sequences were determined from 11 geographic populations in the south of the Yellow River of China, the base composition and haplotypes of nucleotide sequences were analyzed. There were 56 variable sites, including 17 parsom-inform and 39 singleton polymorphic sites.29 haplotypes were detected, and 26 only 3 were shared. High genetic diversity (0.974), amova and phylogenetic analysis indicated conspicuous genetic differentiation among populations. The largest geographic variation (FCT:0.09588) occurred between the two populations (JXM and JSG) and the rest of 9 populations. The genetic variation within populations was higher than the one among populations within groups.In order to clarify the genetic relationship of different geographic populations of Bactrocera tau, the 640bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene sequences were determined from 11 geographic populations in the south of the Yellow River of China, the base composition and haplotypes of nucleotide sequences were analyzed. There were 39 variable sites, including 7 parsom-inform and 32 singleton polymorphic sites.25 haplotypes were detected, including 23 exclusive haplotypes and 2 shared haplotypes. High genetic diversity (0.946), amova and phylogenetic analysis indicated conspicuous genetic differentiation among populations. The largest geographic variation (FCT:0.11909) occurred between the two populations (NGZ and NJS) and the rest of 9 populations. The genetic variation within populations was higher than the one among populations within groups.In order to clarify the genetic relationship of different geographic populations of Bactrocera dorsalis, the 641bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene sequences were determined from 12 geographic populations in the south of the Yellow River of China, the base composition and haplotypes of nucleotide sequences were analyzed. There were 90 variable sites, including 52 parsom-inform and 38 singleton polymorphic sites.33 haplotypes were detected, including 32 exclusive haplotypes and no shared haplotype. High genetic diversity (0.998), amova and phylogenetic analysis indicated conspicuous genetic differentiation among populations. The largest geographic variation (FCT:0.23678) occurred between the two populations (DJZ and DLY) and the rest of 10 populations. The genetic variation within populations was higher than the one among populations within groups.The nucleotide composition, base substitution and the genetic distance were analysed, and the phylogenetic trees were constructed. The 16S rDNA sequences obtained were 300bp in average length and contain 19.5% G+C and 80.5% A+T. The Cytb sequences obtained were 433bp in average length and contained 34.6%G+C and 65.4% A+T.16S rDNA and Cytb represented the character of A+T biased that according to that of other insects. The mitochondrial 16S rDNA and cytochrome b gene from a total of 28 species in subfamily Dacinae were sequenced and used for phylogenetic analysis with Ceratitis anonae as an outgroup. Phylogenetic trees were constructed with methods of neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML). Results of our analyses showed genetic distance within species including outgroup ranged from 9.1 to 19.0%, genetic distance within species of Subgenus Bactrocera was nearest, and then the genetic distance within species of Subgenus Zeugodacus, the genetic distance within species of Subgenus Callantra was farthest. The genetic distance between Subgenus Zeugodacus and Subgenus Hemigymnodacus was nearest, the genetic distance between Subgenus Callantra and Subgenus Tetradacus was farthest. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by the NJ method and the ML method respectively, both supporting almost the same topology. Subgenus Zeugodacus was paraphyletic. Subgenus Sinodacus was a sister group to subgenus Zeugodacus. Subgenus Bactrocera was monophyletic. Subgenus Callantra was monophyletic. |
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