The Effects Of Flavonoids From Allium Mongolicun Regel On Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Function And Its Mechanism In Meat Sheep

Allium Mongolicum Regel is a typical plant of the Liliaceous family, which lives in the desertified grassland in the north of china. According to the earlier findings of this topic research, there were many kinds of flavonoids compounds in the Allium Mongolicum Regel and all these flavonoids compounds have various natural activities, like antioxidant capacity, immune enhancement, immunomodulatory, optimization of rumen fermentation etc. In order to study the effects of Flavonoids from Allium Mongolicun Regel on the antioxidant capacity, immune function and its mechanism in meat sheep,75 meat sheep with 6-month-old, which have an initial body weight of 39.9±3.2 kg were chosen as animal model. The animal was divided into 5 groups by Multi-level single-factor completely block experimental design, with each group 15sheep. The sheep of control group were fed a basal diet, the Allium Mongolicun Regel control group fed a basal diet supplemented with 20mg/kg Allium Mongolicun Regel powder and the sheep of test group were fed a basal diet supplemented with 11mg/kg,22mg/kg,33mg/kg allium mongolicum regel flavonoids. Preliminary feeding period was 15 d, and the experimental period was 60 d, at 0 d,15 d,30 d,45 d,60 d jugular vein blood samples were collected at and serum was separated; Three sheep were selected randomly from each of the five groups for slaughter after experiment and samples of organs were collected to determine the antioxidant indices.(1) The basal diet supplemented with 11 mg/kg-33 mg/kg Flavoniods from Allium Mongolicum Regel in meat sheep could significantly increase the content of T-AOC in serum and liver (P＜0.05), the content of T-AOC in spleen had no significant change (P＞0.05), and after 45d the effect was obvious. Except the control group, the treatment groups could increase the content of T-SOD in serum, liver and spleen; the content of CAT in serum; the content of GSH-PX in serum and spleen, the test group 3 was higher than other groups, and after 30d the effect was significant (P＜0.05). The content of CAT in liver and spleen, the GSH-PX in liver had non-significnat effect between control group and the treatment groups (P＞0.05). Flavoniods from Allium Mongolicum Regel had significant negative effect on the content of MDA in serum and liver, but had non-significant effect on the the content of MDA in spleen (P＞0.05). Flavoniods from Allium Mongolicum Regel had significant positive effect on the antioxidant indices, and the basal diet supplementedwith 11 mg/kg-33 mg/kg Flavoniods from Allium Mongolicum Regel could meet the requirement of sheep in a time-dependent manner. Flavoniods from Allium Mongolicum Regel began to play its role in antioxidant capacity in meat sheep after fed for 30 d.(2) The basal diet supplemented with 11 mg/kg-33 mg/kg Flavoniods from Allium Mongolicum Regel in meat sheep could improve the ACP, LZM, NO content in serumsignificantly(.P＜0.05), and the effect increased with the experimental period extension, after 45d the effect reached the significant level. Allium mongolicum regel control group and 3 flavonoids from allium mongolicum regel groups significantly increased the IgG level in serum (P＜0.05). The flavonoids from allium mongolicum regel groups had a significant impact on the cellular immunity, it could significantly improve the factor of IL-1β,IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IFN-y. The flavonoids from allium mongolicum regel groups could increase the amount of CD4+ cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+, and decrease the amount of CD8+ cells. Content of growth hormone(GH), insulin-like growth factor-Ι (IGF-Ι), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in serum were increased by the basal diet supplemented with 11 mg/kg-33 mg/kg flavonoids from Allium Mongolicum Regel, but the content of corticosterone (CORT) in serum was reduced. Especially flavoniods from allium mongolicum regel had significant positive impact on the content of GH and IGF-Ι in serum (P＜0.05); the content was in a time-dependent manner. Compared with control group, the basal diet supplemented with 22 mg/kg Flavoniods from Allium Mongolicum Regel reduced the content of CORT in serum (P＜0.05); but treatment groups had non-significant effect (P＞0.05). The content of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in serum was increased by the basal diet supplemented with Flavoniods from Allium Mongolicum Regel, but there is nosignificant effect when compared with control group (P＞0.05). Thus, the basal diet supplemented with 11mg/kg-33mg/kg Flavoniods from Allium Mongolicum Regel had important immunomodulatory effects on the meat sheep, and the effect was in a time-dependent manner.(3) The experimental results from the cellular, molecular, and protein level showed that, the basal diet supplemented with llmg/kg-33mg/kg Flavoniods from Allium Mongolicum Regel in meat sheep suggested a positive regulation to the immune-related genes and proteins. The 33mg/kg flavoniods from allium mongolicum regel increased the lymphocyte transformation rate and lymphocyte apoptosis, and up-regulated the IL-1β.IL-4,IL-6,TNF-a,IL-2,IFN-y,STAT1 genes mRNA expression siginificantly. The 22mg/kg flavoniods from allium mongolicum regel influenced the IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-a,IFN-y,STAT1 protein expression positively.(4) Based on RNA-seq high-throughput sequencing technology, We totally obtained 11 differentially expressed genes related to the immune response, metabolic regulation and control mechanism. Among these 11 expressed gens, ALAS2 the encoded protein catalysis heme biosynthetic pathway; IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3 were related tumorigenesis; STEAP4 gene was involved in fat cell development and metabolism; PTX3 was related to immun function; OAS1 was involed in the innate immune response.