| This study discusses the academic thoughts and clinical experiences of Professor Zhang Tiezhong in treating geriatric diseases, analyzes the cases of geriatric disease treated by him with the application of data mining, so as to disclose the medication characteristics of Professor Zhang Tiezhong, to inherit as well as develop his thoughts and experiences further and thoroughly.1Objective:With the application of data mining, Analyze the cases of geriatric disease collected from Professor Zhang Tiezhong’s clinical practice, explores his medication characteristics, utilizes as well as develops his academic thoughts and clinical experiences in my independent practice. This research will provide new ideas and better methods for the treatment on geriatric disease by using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).2Methods:2.1Discuss the academic thoughts of Professor Zhang Tiezhong in treating geriatric disease.2.2Generalize and elaborate the clinical experiences and new views of Professor Zhang Tiezhong in treating geriatric disease.2.3To analyze the prescription of Professor Zhang Tiezhong in treating geriatric disease by using the method of data mining.2.3.1Establishment of prescription database:Based on the Epidata database platform, the entry template for recording the clinical experiences of famous veteran doctors of TCM is created. The prescription database is formed by inputting the623pieces of prescriptions into this entry platform.2.3.2Method of data mining:Statistics of frequency is used in the study of single traditional Chinese drug. An improved mutual information algorithm is used in the study of the association of pair of drugs. Complex system entropy cluster analysis is used in the study of the complicated association of multiple kinds of traditional Chinese drugs.3Results:3.1The academic thoughts of Professor Zhang Tiezhong include the following points:emphasized on regulating and tonifying spleen and kidney when five zang organs are deficient; it should pay more attention on regulating qi movement when qi movement is in disorder and five zang organs are in disharmony. One thought is to resolve phlegm at first when need to dispel etiological factor.3.2The clinical experiences of Professor Zhang Tiezhong include the following points:3.2.1The dominating syndromes of senile hypertension are the syndrome of decline of yin and relative excess of yang in liver and kidney, as well as the syndrome of decline of spleen and excess of phlegm-dampness, the main prescriptions are Tianmagoutengyin and Banxiahoupotang, which can be adjusted according to the patient’s specific condition.3.3.2Developed that senile diabetes mainly attributes to deficiency in spleen and kidney as well as decline of qi and yin, the prescription of Jianpibushenxiezhuofang (composed of processed Membranous Milkvetch Root, processed Common Yam Rhizome, Chinese Atractylodes Rhizome, processed Largehead AtractylodesRhizome, Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome, Greenbrier Rhizome, dried Lotus Leaf, Glossy Privet Fruit, Tuber Fleeceflower Root)) is used, which can not only relieve symptoms, but also have a better hypoglycemic effect.3.2.3Developed that senile constipation is due to stagnation of large intestine, or decline of spleen and kidney, or disorder of qi movement, the prescription of Jichuanjian plus baked Areca Seed, Largehead AtractylodesRhizome, Hemp Fruit is recommended, which has a desirable effect. 3.2.4Developed that senile chronic venous edema of lower extremity is resulted from stagnant water, as well as the decline of spleen and kidney, the prescription of Wushentang plus other drugs is applied, which has a pleasing effect.3.2.5According to the patient’s deficiency or excess, as well as cold or heat,the methods of Xinkaikujiang and regulating qi movement is used to treat various geriatric disease. The prescriptions such as Zhishixiaopiwan, Banxiaxiexintang, Xiaoxianxiongtang, Zuojinwan, have a needed effect, and can be used to treat the diseases such as coronary heart disease, insomnia, constipation, heart palpitations, and depression.3.2.6The coordination of heart and kidney plays a key role in the qi movement, so that using the method of coordinating heart and kidney can achieve good effects in treating many disorders. For example, Sangpiaoqiaosan can be used to treat senile overactive bladder, stress urinary incontinence. Tianwangbuxindan can be used to treat palpitation, severe palpitation, depression, anxiety, sweating, which are resulted from decline of yin and blood in heart and kidney, or incoordination of heart and kidney.3.2.7The aged are usually suffered by stagnation, and have a high risk of depression, which is usually due to six stagnation.He composes the prescription of Jiaweiyuejuwan (constituted of Nutgrass Galingale Rhizome, Szechuan Lovage Rhizome, Chinese Atractylodes Rhizome, stir-baked Massa fermentata dedici-nalis, Cape Jasmine Fruit, processed Pinel lia Tuber, Grassleaf Sweelflag Rhizome, processed Thinleaf Milkwort Root-bark, Puncturevine Caltrop Fruit, shenglongchi).3.2.8Based on the phlegm and blood stasis are the mainly factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, to establish the prescription of "Tongmaiyizhi capsulate" which has definitely effect of cerebra vascular disease and senile dementia. It could anti-arteriosclerosis and stabilizes atheromas.3.3Using the method of data mining to explore the clinical experiences of Professor Zhang Tiezhong in treating geriatric disease3.3. IThe most commonly used drugs in the treatment of geriatric disease by Professor Zhang Tiezhong are23kind, which include Greenbrier Rhizome, Largehead AtractylodesRhizome, Chinese Angelica, Medicinal Cyathula Root, Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome, unprocessed Rehmannia Root, Grassleaf Sweelflag Rhizome, processed Rehmannia Root, Szechuan Lovage Rhizome, Common Macrocarpium Fruit, unprocessed Cape Jasmine Fruit, processed Liquoric Root, Pinellia Tuber, Thinleaf Milkwort Root-bark, Motherwort Herb, White Paeony Root, Tangerine Peel, Tall Gastrodia Tuber, Bunge Auriculate, Gambir Plant, Immature Bitter Orange, Chinese Atractylodes Rhizome, Desertliving Cistanche. Each frequency is beyond100times.These drugs respectively have the effects such as invigorating spleen, resolving phlegm, dispelling dampness,tonifyinnng kidney, regulating qi, repressing liver yang, removing heat from liver, relieving uneasiness of mind, activating blood, dispelling water, coordinating heart and kidney. This medication discloses the academic thoughts and clinical experiences of Professor Zhang Tiezhong that it should pay more attention on regulating and tonifying spleen and kidney, as well as regulating qi movement in treating geriatric disease.3.3.2The core of the drug combination created by Professor Zhang Tiezhong has been achieved with the application of complex system entropy cluster analysis. The most common drug combination in treating senile hypertension or senile dizziness is composed of Eucommia Bark, Gambir Plant, Chinese Taxillus Twig, Sea-ear Shell, Tall Gastrodia Tuber, and Motherwort Herb. The most common drug combination in treating senile constipation is composed of Desertliving Cistanche, Chinese Angelica, Largetrifoliolious Bugbane Rhizome, Immature Bitter Orange, Areca Seed, and Hemp Fruit. The most common drug combination in treating senile depression is composed of Nutgrass Galingale Rhizome, Szechuan Lovage Rhizome, Chinese Atractylodes Rhizome, processed Pinellas Tuber, Medicated Leaven, Puncturevine Caltrop Fruit. The most common drug combination in treating diabetes includes three sets, the one is composed of Membranous Milkvetch Root, Chinese Atractylodes Rhizome, Common Yam Rhizome; The second is composed of Common Yam Rhizome, Glossy Privet Fruit, Common Macrocarpium Fruit, and the third is composed of Common Yam Rhizome, Common Macrocarpium Fruit, and Greenbrier Rhizome. The most common drug combination in treating cough is composed of Tuber Stemona Root, aster, Common Hongfennel Root, Glaucescent Swallowwort Rhizome. The most common drug combination to coordinating heart and kidney is composed of Grassleaf Sweelflag Rhizome, Thinleaf Milkwort Root-bark, Spina Date Seed, shenglongchi. All the drug combinations reveal his characteristics and rules of medication in treating geriatric disease.3.3.3There are22sets of often used pair of drugs in the medication of Professor Zhang Tiezhong in treating geriatric disease, the correlation coefficients of which are all greater than0.05. The main pairs of drugs include the following:Largehead Atractylodes Rhizome with Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome, Largehead Atractylodes Rhizome with Immature Bitter Orange, Lesser Galangal Rhizome with Nutgrass Galingale Rhizome, Spina Date Seed with Platycladi Seed, Grassleaf Sweelflag Rhizome with Thinleaf Mi lkwort Root-bark, Glossy Privet Fruit with Giant St. John’swort Herb, Membranous Milkvetch Root with Common Yam Rhizome, Earthworm with Fineleaf Schizonepeta Herb, Medicinal Cyathula Root with Motherwort Herb, tortoiseshell with Magnetite. The study on these pairs of drugs will help us understand the rules of medication used by Professor Zhang Tiezhong in treating geriatric disease.3.4Develop and blaze new trail:Inherit and develop the medication of coordinating heart and kidney often used by Professor Zhang Tiezhong. I found some new use on clinic practice.3.4.1Sangpiaoqiaosan has a better clinical efficacy in the treatment of senile depression by regulating, tonifying, coordinating heart and kidney.3.4.2Shenghuitang has a certain efficacy in the treatment of senile dementia by tonifying, coordinating heart and kidney. This prescription can not only improve cognitive functions such as memory, orientation, but also alleviate mental and behavioral symptoms, such as sleep disorder, depression, paranoia.3.4.3For senile Hypertension, except the method of providing water for the growth of wood, invigorating the kidney and calming the liver, use the drugs of coordinating heart and kidney, calming the heart, which could helpful reduce the blood press and relief the symptoms.4Conclusions:4.1The academic thoughts of Professor Zhang Tiezhong in treating geriatric disease reflect the pathological characteristics of this kind of diseases and provide good guide in clinical practice, which include the following points:it should pay more attention on regulating and tonifying spleen and kidney when five zang organs are deficient; it should pay more attention on regulating qi movement when qi movement is in disorder and five zang organs are in disharmony; Resolve phlegm at first when need to dispel etiological factor.4.2Based on plenty of clinical experiences, Professor Zhang Tiezhong proposes many viewpoints on the treatment of geriatric disease, such as stagnation of large intestine, stagnant water, stagnation contributing to the diseases of the aged, all of which should be widespread used and further developed.4.3With the application of complex system entropy cluster, the prescriptions of Professor Zhang Tiezhong in treating geriatric disease are analyzed, and the results disclose his rules of medication, reflect his academic thoughts and clinical experiences in treating geriatric disease. Based on modern computer technology and information technology, the data mining is one of the important methods which are mainly used not only to analyze the clinical data of famous veteran doctors of TCM, but also to explore the academic thoughts and clinical experiences of famous veteran doctors of TCM.4.4The clinical practice proves that Sangpiaoqiaosan has a better clinical efficacy in the treatment of senile depression, and that Shenghuitang has a certain efficacy in the treatment of senile dementia, but the mechanism of both prescriptions need a further study. |
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