| Learning and memory are the main functions of human brain, the seniorphysiological activities of mammals. However, with the increase of ages, the declineof learning and memory is the common phenomenon. The improvement of livingstandard and increase of the aging people, more and more people will be perplexed bythe decline of learning and memory. The early precautions and remedy of thesymptom become the hot issue and have broad market prospects. At present, thecommon drugs including Free radical scavenger, Prevent β-amyloid depositionmedicine, M receptor agonist, cholinesterase inhibitors, etc. But the application isrestricted because of the side-effects and high price. Due to the low toxicity andcurative effect, the Chinese herbal medicines have become the hopspots inresearching and developing of the medicines for learning and memory.Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. is a famous medicinal drug in TraditionalChinese Medicine. It’s friuts has been used for centuries as an antitussive, tonic andsedative agent, and in traditional medicine to improve the liver function of patientswith viral hepatitis. There were two different crude drugs have been included in theChinese Pharmacopoeia, Schisandrae chinensis Fructus and Schisandraesphenantherae Fructus, respectively. Schisandrae chinensis Fructus is well known aswuweizi, it is distributed in Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, and Neimenggu provincesin China, as well as in Russia, Japan and Korea. Schisandrae chinensis Fructus iscommonly used for the treatment of spermatorrhea, night sweating, protracteddiarrhea, nocturnal emission, spontaneous sweating, frequent urination, shortness ofbreath and feeble pulse, enuresis, chronic cough and dyspnea, diabetes, wasting-thirst,palpitation, impairment of bodyfluids with thirst, and has been considered of betterquality than Schisandrae sphenantherae Fructus in traditional Chinese medicine. Inrecent years, with in-depth study of chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus, the pharmacological activity and traditionalapplication of active ingredients of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus was clarified. Inorder to more reasonable and effective use of this traditional drug, we isolate andpurify the bioactive components from Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, and study theimprove memory function of those components systematacially and in depth.1. According to the orthogonal experimental design, the optimum conditions ofextracting lignans from the Schisandrae chinensis Fructus was showed as following:ethanol concentration was90%, liquid-solid ratio was10:1, supersonic extractingtime was30min and extracting three times.2. According to the orthogonal experimental design, the optimum conditions ofextracting and Purification polysaccharide from the Schisandrae chinensis Fructuswas found. The optimum conditions of extracting polysaccharide was showed asfollowing: liquid-solid ratio was10:1, extracting solvent was water, extractingtemperature was90℃, extracting time was1h and extracting three times. Theoptimum conditions of alcohol precipitation was showed as following: ethanolconcentration was90%, liquid-solid ratio was3:1and repeat3times. The optimumconditions of decoloration was showed as following: liquid-solid ratio was4:100,decolor temperature was45℃, pH7.0, decolor time was2h. The optimumconditions of deproteinization was showed as following: papain was120IU/ml, pH5.5,deproteinize temperature was40℃and deproteinizetime was60min.3. To research the improvement of SCL and SCP in the memory acquisitionimpairment of mice induced by scopolamine of the Morris. Memory acquisitionimpairment model in mice with the method of scopolamine intraperitoneal injectionmade, the improvement of SCL in the memory acquisition impairment of miceobserved by means of Morris. SCL could shorten the incubation period reduce thenumber of errors in the water maze test. SCL have the improvement in the memoryacquisition impairment of mice induced by scopolamine. SCP have not.4. Using square water maze to investigate the ability of the learning and memoryof mice, the content of ChAT, AchE in the brain tissues, SOD in both brain tissuesand serum and MDA in the both serum and liver tissues were determined，respectively.The concent of ChAT and SOD increased significantly. The AchE and MDA content in the brain tissues dec reased.5. To explore the protective effects and mechanisms of SA, SB and SCP on thehippo-nerve HT22by external test. The SA and SB groups may enhance the MTTabsorbing of cells, increase the activity of HT22, protect the HT22damage induced byH2O2, and restrain the apoptosis of HT22, up-regulate bcl-2, down-regulate bax andCaspase-3. The handled SCP has no significant effect on the above index. The resultsshow that SA, SB and SCP are related to the protective and anti-apoptosis effects ofHT22. |
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