| Laryngeal cancer is the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck, accounting for about1%to5%of the systemic tumors in our body, and the pathological type of squamous cell carcinoma, accounts for93%to99%of all laryngeal cancer. Higher incidence of laryngeal cancer is in northern China, and the age of onset is50to60years old and male with a high incidence than women. In recent years, with industrial pollution increased, the incidence of laryngeal cancer has a clear upward trend. Comprehensive treatment of laryngeal cancer include surgery, application of anticancer drug therapy, radiation therapy and gene therapy. With the continuous advancement of diagnosis and treatment,patients with laryngeal cancer after repair function, quality of life and5-year survival rates are greatly improved, but local recurrence and metastasis is still the main reason for laryngeal cancer patients died within5years and the treatment of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer is still not satisfactory. On the other hand, minimally invasive surgery also requires a correct estimate of laryngeal cancer early diagnosis and prognosis of laryngeal cancer, in order to minimize the trauma to retain the function of the patient’s throat. Explore the relevant factors related to the incidence of laryngeal cancer, in order to find an effective indicator of the detection of early distinction between the pathological type, to understand the extent of the tumor staging, to determine a reasonable treatment options, prognosis, has become one of the key clinical research. Laryngeal epithelial cells to become cancerous mechanism is unknown, may be related to smoking, alcohol consumption, environmental pollution, the virus infection and other factors. Deeper understanding of cellular regulation, abnormal regulation of cell cycle was found to be an important part of cancer incidence, and cell cycle proteins (cyclins) as a positive cell cycle regulatory factors that control cell cycle progression, the expression levels was cell cycle dependent, and it was an important protein for regulating cell activities. The abnormal expression of cyclins is one of the main factors leading to damage of cell cycle control mechanisms, is closely related to the occurrence of malignant tumors. That cyclins play a role in tumor development is increasingly becoming the focus of attention and the emergence of cancer may be a class of cells in view of cyclical disease.Ki-67is a proliferating cell nuclear marker, representing the level of cell proliferation.The function of Ki-67is related to cell mitosis. Molecular biology studies have shown that cell over-division and proliferation is an important part of tumor malignant. The Ki-67appears in late G1, S-G2period is elevated,M phase reaches its peak, only with proliferating cell nuclear reaction, disappears in the GO phase. Many studies have shown that precise regulation of Ki-67protein expression, distribution are relevant to the development,metastasis and prognosis of many malignant tumors.It is indispensable to cell proliferation, completing the cell cycle.And it is the detection of tumor cell proliferative activity indicator.It can be used as a classic prognostic marker. Ki-67proteins are now widely on the application, but in cancer research, especially in the prognosis and treatment of laryngeal tumors of research in recent years gradually been reported.In this study, expression of cyclin-D1and Ki-67in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and adjacent tissues, throat normal squamous epithelial tissue of laryngeal cancer are detected in order to provide a reliable molecular markers for early diagnosis and prognosis of laryngeal cancer.ObjectiveTo study the cell cycle protein D1and cell proliferation antigen markers Ki-67in laryngeal cancer tissue of the expression and the clinical, pathological, the relationship between the two groups as well as the correlation of expression.Methods92cases of laryngeal cancer patients after radical surgery sacrificing the specimens from January2000to August2005, including78cases of male,14cases of female. Aged36to79years old, average55.4years old. The tumor:43cases of supraglottic,46cases of glottic and subglottic, three cases. According to the1997International Anti-Cancer Association (UICC) TNM type and phased program, the degree of tumor differentiation:well differentiated (Gl),25cases; moderately differentiated (G2),19cases; poorly differentiated (G3),48cases; TNM clinical stage,6cases of stage Ⅰ;15cases Ⅱ;46cases Ⅲ; Ⅳ of25cases. The immunohistochemical SP staining method is used to detect the expression of cyclin D1and Ki-67protein, with PBS instead of primary antibody as a negative control, and compare the expression of these gene protein in the normal larynx squamous (control group1), laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma,laryngeal tissues (control group2).To study the relationship between the expression of cyclin D1and Ki-67and clinical pathological features and its correlation. The statistical software SPSS12.0statistics. Throat cancer organizations, tumor tissue adjacent group and control group, and between the measurement data to (s) says that on one-way ANOVA method in overall comparison, t test between groups do more, Spearman rank correlation analysis and tests significant level take α=0.05, P<0.05for differences with a statistical significance.Results(1) in92tumor samples60patients (65.2%) were observed the cell cycle protein Dl expression, and in the control group1and the group2, and the detection rate were3%(3/100) and13.1%(12/92), three groups for the cell cycle protein D1detection rate with significant difference (P<0.05), and further testing is found in different stages, the laryngeal cancer cells, the organization cell cycle protein D1expression and the clinical stages of the relevance of statistically significant (P=0.029). However, was found in cell cycle protein expression and other variables D1(gender, age, cancer stage, organization, anatomy, part differentiation smoking history, drinking histories) no statistical correlation.(2) Ki-67immunohistochemical detection results:five element positive signal main role in cytoplasm, as of different thicknesses of palm or brown particles. Normal squamous organization has not seen the throat expression, laryngeal cancer adjacent tissues with a small amount of expression,4cases (4.34%) of the thyroid gland tumor is weak positive expression. And according to the results, Ki-67excessive expression and tumors of patients of gender, age, high differentiation, anatomy site, organization differentiation, smoking history and drinking history is no statistical correlation (see table2). Ki-67expression and lymph node state has a significantly related (P=0.025).(3) Ki-67expression may and patient surial rates have relevance, Ki-67expression and survival time was statistically relevant (P=0.457). In addition, the cell cycle protein D1surial for patients with expression and the statistical correlation (P=0.0004),(4) in the Cyclin D1positive oer-expressed in57throat breast cancer organization,41cases Ki-67positive expression. In Ki-67positive low-grade expression of51patients had35patients Cyclin Dl positive low-grade express, the spearman rank related inspection both in the throat papilloma group expression is a significant positive correlation (r=0.620, P<0.001).Conclusions(1) Cyclin D1expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is high.There is a significant relationship with clinical stage and prognosis of the patients. Those with low expression of Cyclin D1have a higher survival rate. Cyclin D1can be used as a laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma postoperative monitoring indicators, and provide a new target for the treatment of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.(2) Ki-67is also expressed in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues. There is a significant relationship between the expression and neck lymph node metastasis of the patients.Ki-67expression can be used as a lymph node metastasis monitoring indicators of the patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.(3) Cyclin D1and Ki-67expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma has a significantly positive correlation. They can be used as a monitoring indicators of lymphnode metastasis and prognosis of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma after operation. |
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