The Academic Origin Study Of Lingnan Acupuncture And Research Of Modern Acupuncture Schools Of Lingnan

ObjectiveAcupuncture and moxibustion are important part of Chinese medicine of Lingnan, it is acupuncture combined with Lingnan medical practices to form the acupuncture school with regional characteristics.The past studies mainly focused on summaries of famous acupuncture doctors after the 1949, as the research going thoroughly in the past three decades, it’s hard to be satisfied with the methods separately or individually to refined the academic connotation of Lingnan acupuncture or studied the Lingnan acupuncture schools as a whole. Therefore, in order to clarify the authentic source of Lingnan acupuncture,with the collection and arrangement of Lingnan’s acupuncture literature before 1949, exploring and analyzing its academic origin and characteristics. On that basis, the study arranged and compared three acupuncture schools of Lingnan which are Lingnan branch of Chengjiang acupuncture school, Han’s Hou qi acupuncture school and Jin’s three-needle therapy school, with the purpose of exploring their academic origin, characteristics, inheritance of pattern and academic influence.MethodWith the methods of philology, origin of history and field study, the research divided into two parts. The collection and discovery of Lingnan acupuncture literature before 1949 would used the methods of philology to clarify doctors’lives,academic succession and works’visions.Further more, acupuncture works’modes and constructions would be analyzed with origin of history in order to review their features and evaluate their scholarship value. After that, the study would revealed the origin and rules of Lingnan acupuncture, concluded its’academic features and evaluated its’scholarship value and contribution as a whole.The study of Lingnan acupuncture schools would used the philosophy and filed study to systemize their literature, explore their academic origins, conclude their academic characteristics, analyze their successive actualities, evaluate their academic influence.ResultThe research results are divided into two sections. In the collection and study of Lingnan acupuncture literature:1. The study found out specific number of Lingnan ancient works which are existence or losing, there are included 13 doctors,17 ancient acupuncture works,1 diagram of bronze status and 3 relevant comprehensive books of Chinese medicine.2. The study clarified 11 doctors’lives and academic succession except Ye Chashan and Li Fatuo, moreover, it also verified the books’authors, visions and publication time so as to correct the China’s Ancient Books Catalogue of Chinese Medicine(《中国中医古籍总目》).3. Rediscovering 3 kinds of Lingnan acupuncture works Text of Acumoxolgy Technique (《刺灸术讲义》) by Chen Zhuping, The Best Way to Help Others and Yourself(《救人利己的妙法》)by Zeng Tianzhi, The Science Theory of Chinese Acupuncture(《中国�'�灸科学论》)by Lo Kokfei, which aren’t recorded by any catalogues.4. With origin of history to clarify 10 kinds of acupuncture works and analyze their construction of literature which include A Book on Adoption of Moxibustion(《采艾编》), Supplement to the Book on Adoption of Moxibustion (《采艾编翼》), Practical Acupuncture (《实用�'�灸学》),Scientific Acupuncture Therapeutics(《科学�'�灸治疗学》)and Text of Chinese Acupuncture Therapeuticsii中国�'�灸治疗学讲义》),etc.5. Exploring and analyzing Lingnan acupuncture academic origin and characteristics, concluding its’academic value.In the section two, the study established three acupuncture schools of Lingnan according to the guide of SATCM which was made by research team of Chinese medicine academic schools, clarified their academic origins, successive actualities, characteristics and influences. In addition, the research also analyzed the reasons how their turn into a acupuncture school, the theory their advocate,the special clinic skills their apply and the pattern of their succeed.ConclusionThe origin of Lingnan acupuncture was began from Jin Dynasty, represented by A Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies(《肘后备急方》).After that, although some of acupuncture experience recorded by literature now and again, acupuncture wasn’t made progress quite well until Qing Dynasty due to the acupuncture particular successive mode. A Book on Adoption of Moxibustion(《采艾编》)and Supplement to the Book on Adoption of Moxibustion(《采艾编翼》)are the representative works of Lingnan acupuncture which feature the moxibustion in ancient time of Lingnan. Lingnan acupuncture was making a great progress in the Republic of China, more and more famous acupuncturists, acupuncture works, acupuncture academic communications and kinds of successive modes were sprang up with the development of economic and culture in Lingnan. Meanwhile, the acupuncturists reformed the text books of acupuncture so as to adapt educational requirements. Some of outstanding acupuncturists such as Zeng Tianzhi who advocated Scientific Acupuncture theory, categorized diseases in clinic by western medicine, established the holism of "Diseases—Principles—Acupoints —Technique " and the teaching mode of "Acupoints —Technique—Diseases ". Lots of excellent acupuncturists were cultivated and academic influences ware promoted because of their efforts.The firs acupuncture school of Lingan was Lingnan branch of Chengjiang acupuncture school which established in the middle of the Republic of China. It’s making a huge progress in Scientific Acupuncture, acupuncture education, acupuncture clinic etc.The school not only promoted acupuncture overseas but also fought for acupuncture legalization in North America.Han’s Hou qi acupuncture school was belonged to classic acupuncture school. It’s advocated Chinese medicine classics, featured the pulse diagnosis of Renying-Cunkou and verified, supplemented or fixed the eight principle syndromes basic on the reception of the needle. In clinic, it usually selected only one acupoint as a prescription, attache importance to Hou qi, took slow-rapid reinforcing-reducing method as the basic method to reinforce vital Qi,reduce pathogenic Qi and guide meridian Qi.The school developed its own features in expression of acupuncture classics, method of reinforcing-reducing etc.Jin’s three-needle therapy school was a representative acupuncture school of Lingnan which established by professor Jin Rui. It was characterized by acupuncture prescriptions of "Selecting three points mainly, adjusted points by different syndromes ". In clinic and research, the school specialized in encephalopathy. Postgraduate education integrated master-apprentice education were the primary pattern of succession.The acupuncture schools study was a extensive research from the study of Lingnan acupuncturists and works. Although the research emphasized from personal experience to a academic community, the academic thoughts of famous doctors were still the study subjects.Above all,the study of acupuncture literature is to provide evidences or clinic methods for clinics. On the other, clinical practices could confirm the literature study’s points.