| PartⅠ: The effection of sympathetic preganglionic neurons(SPNs) when chronic compression performed on cervical posteriol longitudinal ligamentPurpose Establish the compression model of posterior longitudinal ligament in beagle dogs, and record the changes of SPNs potential signal. To verify the relationship between sympathetic nerve fibers distributed on the posterior longitudinal ligament and SPNs preliminary, in the purpose of providing the theoretical basis for treating cervical spondylosis with sympathetic symptoms.Methods Twelve adult healthy male beagle dogs were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group and control group. Experimental group: anterior cervical discetomy + nucleus pulposus replantation with posterior longitudinal ligament compressed + anterior plate fixation. Control group: anterior cervical discetomy + nucleus pulposus replantation without posterior longitudinal ligament compressed + anterior plate fixation. All the dogs were raised them in the same conditions for 45 days. We recorded and compared the spontaneous electric signals of SPNs in the two groups before and after model construction using bio-signals amplifier with glass microelectrode recording technique.Results According to the experiment, we record a stable signal from SPNs by bio-signals amplifier in the physiological condition. However, SPNs discharge signals are obviously changed in beagle dogs with chornic compression of the posterior longitudinal ligament. Compared with control group, experiment group’s electric signals are statistical high.Conclusion The research are preliminary identifily identified the functional relationship between the sympathetic nerve distributed on the posterior longitudinal ligament and the sympathetic preganglionic neurons preliminary. Chronic compression on the posterior longitudinal ligament can lead to the changes in the morphology and quantity of the sympathetic nerve fibers, which resulting in abnormal discharging of SPNs and affecting the functions of target organs controlled by the postganglionic nerve fibers.PartⅡ:The research of neural pathway among the cervical posterior longitudinal ligament, SPNs, superior cervical ganglion,middle cervical ganglion and inferior cervical ganglionPurpose Stimulate different segmental posterior longitudinal ligaments electrically and block different monitoring sites step by step. Observe and record the electric signal changes of monitoring sites. In order to probe the neural pathway among the cervical posterior longitudinal ligament, SPNs, superior cervical ganglion, middle cervical ganglion and inferior cervical ganglion.Methods Twelev beagles were randomly divided into 4 groups averagely. anterior cervical discetomy + nucleus pulposus replantation with posterior longitudinal ligament compressed + anterior plate fixation were performed, constructing posterior longitudinal ligament compression models with different segmental(C3/4-C6/7). All the beagles were raised them for 45 days in the same condition. We record the sympathetic SPNs discharge after the model construction. Compared the electric signals of SPNs with the normal dogs to confirm whether the model was successfully constructed. If not, rule it out and set up another one. Model’s internal fixation plate was took out and the intervertebral space was exposed,revealling the posterior longitudinal ligament and cervical sympathetic, superior cervical ganglion,middle cervical ganglion and inferior cervical ganglion.1. Stimulate beagle model’s cervical posterior longitudinal ligament by certain voltage, observe and record the electic signal change from the SPNs、SCG、MCG、ICG respectively.2. Stimulate C3/4 segment of PLL and block SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs step by step, monitor and record SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs electric signal respectively. 3. Stimulate C4/5 segment of PLL, block SCG MCG, ICG, SPNs step by step.monitor and record SCG,MCG,ICG,SPNG electric signal respectively. 4. Stimulate C5/6 of PLL segments, each block SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs step by step. Monitoring and record SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs electric signal respectively. 5. Stimulate the C6/7 segment of PLL.block SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs step by step, monitoring and recording SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs electric signal respectively. The data were analysised by one-way ANOVA.Result We can receive bi-directional signals from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after stimulating the posterior longitudinal ligament. When stimulating different segments of PLL with certain voltage and blocking SCG MCG, ICG, and SPNs step by step, we also receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs. The specific results are as follows:1. Stimulating the C3/4 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs(SCG: 62.01±0.995 mv, MCG: 43.55±3.082 mv, ICG: 38.69±1.068, SPNs: 31.17±0.608mv); 2. Stimulating the C3/4 segment of posterior pongitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking SPNs(SCG: 59.95±3.010 mv, MCG: 42.25±4.922 mv, ICG: 27.42±2.649 mv, SPNs: 4.33±0.495mv); 3. Stimulating the C3/4 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking ICG(SCG: 62.01±0.995 mv, MCG: 43.55±3.082 mv, ICG: 38.69±1.068, SPNs: 31.17±0.608mv); 4. Stimulating the C3/4 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking MCG(SCG: 60.36±1.819 mv, MCG: 4.56±0.706 mv, ICG: 19.76±0.305 mv, SPNs: 30.20±1.272mv); 5. Stimulating the C3/4 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking ICG(SCG: 4.42±0.632 mv, MCG: 1.31±1.312 mv, ICG: 26.39±3.107 mv, SPNs: 32.25±0.190 mv).1. Stimulating the C4/5 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive eletric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs(SCG: 48.05±4.653 mv, MCG: 61.76±0.990 mv, ICG: 41.47±1.233 mv, SPNs: 33.75±1.921mv);2. Stimulating the C4/5 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking SCG(SCG: 3.87±0.514 mv, MCG: 61.43±1.474 mv, ICG: 42.93±2.699 mv, SPNs: 33.51±0.834mv);3. Stimulating the C4/5 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking MCG(SCG: 16.70±3.229 mv, MCG: 4.32±0.746 mv, ICG: 20.96±2.132 mv, SPNs: 30.17±0.835mv);4. Stimulating the C4/5 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking ICG(SCG: 48.47±3.420 mv, MCG: 60.83±0.666 mv, ICG: 4.34±1.134 mv, SPNs: 30.16±3.495mv);5. Stimulating the C3/4 segment of eletric longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking SPNs(SCG: 48.38±3.208 mv, MCG: 61.36±0.660 mv, ICG: 39.82±0.942 mv, SPNs: 3.04±0.376 mv).1. Stimulating the C5/6 segment of Posterior Longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs,(SCG: 31.06±0.915 mv, MCG: 64.50±1.000 mv, ICG: 60.30±.0512 mv, SPNs: 39.46±1.503mv);2. Stimulating the C5/6 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking SCG(SCG: 3.87±0.514 mv, MCG: 61.43±1.474 mv, ICG: 42.93±2.699 mv, SPNs: 33.51±0.834mv). 3. Stimulating the C5/6 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking MCG(SCG: 24.81±2.234 mv, MCG:4.39±0.605 mv, ICG: 44.69±2.919 mv, SPNs: 32.77±3.328mv);4. Stimulating the C5/6 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking ICG(SCG: 30.54±2.183 mv, MCG: 52.25±10.224 mv, ICG: 4.62±0.663 mv, SPNs: 33.22±0.802 mv. 5. Stimulating the C5/6 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking SPNs(SCG: 31.77±2.056 mv, MCG: 62.31±1.975 mv, ICG: 58.84±2.488 mv, SPNs: 4.57±1.705 mv).1. Stimulating the C6/7 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs(SCG: 33.72±3.058 mv, MCG:39.41±3.162 mv, ICG: 63.55±1.346 mv, SPNs: 33.62±1.515mv); 2、Stimulating the C6/7 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking SCG(SCG: 3.45±0.808 mv, MCG: 34.18±1.306 mv, ICG:60.51±2.631 mv, SPNs: 33.46±1.790mv);3. Stimulating the C6/7 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking ICG(SCG: 23.97±2.697 mv, MCG: 3.45±0.991 mv, ICG: 55.32±4.924 mv, SPNs: 34.57±0.793mv); 4. Stimulating the C5/6 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive potential signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking ICG(SCG: 17.57±0.94 mv, MCG: 27.51±1.255 mv, ICG: 4.04±0.761 mv, SPNs: 26.84±3.667mv); 5.Stimulating the C6/7 segment of posterior longitudinal ligament by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal from SCG, MCG, ICG, SPNs after blocking SPNs(SCG: 31.16±2.134 mv, MCG: 33.17±0.539 mv, ICG: 54.86±4.307 mv, SPNs: 3.25±0.389mv).Conclusion There is a neural pathway among the beagle’s cervical posterior longitudinal ligament, superior cervical ganglion, middle cervical ganglion, inferior cervical ganglion and SPNs. The specific connection are as follows: 1. Annular connection: There is a annular neural pathway mong the beagle’s cervical posterior longitudinal ligament, superior cervical ganglion, middle cervical ganglion, inferior cervical ganglion and SPNs.2. Bidirectional transmission: PLL'SCG'MCG'ICG'SPNs; PLL'SPNs' ICG' MCG'SCG. 3. Cross connection:(1)C3/4 segmental PLL'SCG'MCG'ICG'SPNs;(2)C4/5 segmental PLL'SCG'MCG'ICG'SPNs, C4/5segmental PLL'MCG' ICG'SPNs, C4/5 segmental PLL'MCG'SCG;(3)C5/6 segmental PLL'MCG'SCG, C5/6 segmental PLL'MCG'ICG'SPNs, C5/6 segmental PLL'ICG'MCG'SCG, C5/6 segmental PLL'ICG'SPNs;(4)C6/7 segmental PLL'ICG'MCG'SCG, C6/7segmental PLL'ICG'SPNs. 4. Block effective: we can cut off the corresponding neural pathway by blocking SCG MCG ICG and SPNs respectively.Part ⅢResearch of the corresponding relationship between the sympathetic nerve fibers on different levels of PLL and the three CSGs.Purpose Obeserve the corresponding relationship between the sympathetic nerve fibers on C3/4-C6/7 levels of PLL and the three CSGs.Method Twelev beagle dogs were randomly divided into 4 groups. Anterior cervical discetomy + nucleus pulposus replantation with posterior longitudinal ligament compressed + anterior plate fixation were performed, constructing posterior longitudinal ligament compression models with different segmental(C3/4-C6/7), setting up C3/4-C6/7 different levels of PLL compression model. All dogs were raised for 45 days in the same condition. We recorded the SPNs discharge after the model construction. Comparing with it in the physiological conditions to make sure the model is succeed. If not, rule it out and set up another one. Different levels of PLL were stimulated by certain voltage, and the electric signal were recorded from the SPNs, SCG, MCG, and ICG respectively. Analyze the data by SNK-q test between the two groups,Result Stimulating the C3/4 level of PLL by 80 mv voltage, we can receive electric signal are as follows: SCG 62.01±0.995 mv, MCG 43.55±3.082 mv, ICG 38.69±1.068 mv, SPNs 31.17±0.608 mv. Stimulating the C4/5 level of PLL by 80 mv voltage, the electric signal are as follows: SCG 48.05±4.653 mv, MCG 61.76±0.990 mv, ICG 41.47±1.233 mv, SPNs 33.75±1.921 mv. Stimulating the C5/6 level of PLL, the electric signal are as follows: SCG 31.06±0.915 mv, MCG 64.50±1.000 mv, ICG 60.30±.0512 mv, SPNs 39.46±1.503 mv. Stimulating the C6/7 level of PLL, the electric signal are as follows: SCG 33.72±3.058 mv, MCG 39.41±3.162 mv, ICG 63.55±1.3462 mv, SPNs 33.62±1.515 mv.Conclusion The sympathetic nerve fibers on different levels of PLL are correlated with three CSGs. Which means, sympathetic post-ganglia fibers on the cervical PLL of beagle dogs have segmental distribution feature. Specifically speaking, sympathetic post-ganglia fibers on the C3/4 level of cervical PLL is correlated with SCG. Sympathetic post-ganglia fibers on the C4/5 level of cervical PLL is correlated with SCG and ICG. Sympathetic post-ganglia fibers on the C5/6 level of cervical PLL is correlated with MCG and ICG. Sympathetic post-ganglia fibers on the C6/6 level of cervical PLL is correlated with ICG. |
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