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A Research On The Family Inheritance In Qin And Han Dynasties

Posted on:2015-02-24Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:J CaoFull Text:PDF
GTID:1225330431997128Subject:History of Ancient China
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
The system consists of the succession to the headship, Title Inheritance, the inheritance and propertyof the Qin and Han Dynasty family inheritance of four aspects, and the succession to the headship is itscore. The succession to the headship continue the line, ancestor worship content determines the existence ofclose relation between family inheritance and clan, family and social factors.General characteristics of the clan system in pre Qin to the clan and aristocracy is the political systemintegration. After the spring and autumn period, the Warring States period of great change, the Zong Jun inone of the clan system was completely destroyed. With the evolution of counties, the regional organizationand change of society economic, political structure, Han clan has no clan. During this period the clanmainly to the emperor to great great grandson five service within the clan, the so-called "family" as themain scope. To establish direct contact of the Qin and Han dynasties have been out bound family lineageorganization and the state power. During this period the family from the scale, the individual family, fromthe form of speaking is diversity. Father rights "in the Qin and early Han Dynasty was weak", but with thewide spread of Confucianism, the Han Dynasty mainly plastic towards patriarchy direction.The pre Qin is the patriarchal age, as a result of the patriarchal and political organization is one, so,whether inherited political, social identity of inheritance or property is on the premise of the right toinheritance. Compared to the pre Qin period, the succession to the headship of the Qin and Han Dynasties,clan pedigree inheritance has changed in content and form. The Qin and Han Dynasties pre Qin eraancestor worship and the patriarchal clan system, great changes have taken place in. In the Qin and HanDynasties temple sacrifice become Muji replace main ancestor worship, temple system only in the emperor,Prince Marquises, this small range, and far less than the pre Qin ancestors, strict etiquette. Worship powerexpand from the upper class to the society,"bastard not offering" tradition was broken, each family to beindependent of the sacrificial unit. And, every family to sacrifice to ancestors has autonomy, not subject to the constraints. During the Qin and Han Dynasties still pay more attention to the succession to the headship,but in no heirs issues with most Dynasty Qin and later compared are not strictly, in the performance of thesame period might choose not to Zhaomu order and rites of this behavior and can not help but stop on adifferent surname for. Prevalent in the patriarchal age a long succession of entropy, in the Qin and HanDynasties is still the mainstream, and, at this point has not been limited to the nobility, but has been deepfolk, into universal social compliance principle. China ancient marriage in essence is a kind of clanpedigree inheritance, and the succession to the headship most closely "no marriage within the same familyname" for the association, to the Qin and Han dynasties have been difficult to continue. But the marriagebetween cousins’ cousins still received the courtesy law prohibited.On behalf of the Qin and Han Empire concrete structure of the order of twenty rank system in Qin andHan Dynasty, the political arena has played a vital role, but it also has a production, development, declineprocess. As the twenty rank system part of the peerage inheritance system, nature will change along withthe title system and change. The Han Dynasty inherited follow a long succession of entropy, the possiblesuccessor is not the opportunity equality and inherited three principles. A long succession of entropyprinciple is in accordance with entropy long sequence inherits the title principle; this is a principle ofregulating their inheritance of contradiction. Inheritance is not the principle of equality is a di deepeninglong inheritance principle, is to distinguish the "heir" and not "heirs" sons."Successor" peerage inheritanceexcept Che Hou and Marquis out is the degradation succession. Non "heirs" sons are degraded succession,but also distinguish between "two sons" and "other son".Consanguinity inherit principle mainly inheritedunder normal circumstances, parent-child, just above the high nobility Marquis, strictly implement theparent-child inheritance principle, but Han Shao Feng development and now appears, actually weakenedthe role of parent-child inheritance. Special circumstances (death), the title inheritance will break through the blood, marriage can also inherit the title, but still inherited. Qin Dynasty is to inherit the title. Qin g sixyears "the soldier" social hierarchy, Qin period that has been implemented in degrading inheritance, but inthe specific rules of inheritance may and the Han Dynasty is different.The Rank of Nobility inheritance was more universal than Status inheritance and Headship inheritance.The Qin and Han Dynasties householder heir range than the Title Inheritance to broad, the order ofsuccession as follows: son, father, mother, widow, female,grandmother grandfather sun son, nephew, in"no offspring" case, restore free status of slaves can also be headed. The heir of the scope is so broad, ismainly caused by two reasons: one is the succession to the headship of the Qin and Han Dynasties is notstrict, reduces the resistance for the development of the times family law, and such generation householdsalso acceptable to the folk. The two is based on national needs the dominant interests, broad headed heir,conducive to social stability, is conducive to the expansion of the tax and service port number. Therefore,the Qin and Han Dynasties inherited the principles-though it is blood relationship to the center of bothcharacteristics of affinity, but carry out national political control of the Qin and Han Dynasties intention.Forms of property inheritance of the Qin and Han Dynasties mainly for the sons of average property,but due to the lack of relevant legal and historical facts, Qin’s family were still stays in theory, also cannotsay the words in Tang Dynasty in the "sons of the average housing system". However, the familyinheritance is the implementation of the sons of the average family, in the early Han Dynasty, land system;land house also does not have the property of complete sense of property, inheritance and identity level.Therefore, Tian Zhai, philosophers can not equal inherited Tian Zhai, however, other property fields andhouses outside the segmentation to form or. Because of the separation time, opportunity, equipartitionproperty may not be a time, therefore, the Qin and Han Dynasties family inheritance also exist in "theparents are alive separation" one-time inherited characteristics of the two inheritance and parents died in two ways, the two types of inheritance of the family structure, family relations had great influence.Qin and Han women both from home after production can also in the family’s home after the birth, thefollowing property and not after the Tang and Song Dynasties women as restrictions. In the following thehusband to the disposition of the property in Qin and Han Dynasties to Tang and Song Dynasties, thewidow widow also have more rights. The reason for this is to happen, the Qin and Han Dynasty and laterthan women in the production, and the following the disposition of the property is restricted by small fromthe state, clan, the right to get good protection. Remove the ordinary family members, the family also existsuch as little wife, son-in-law, slave born son, illegitimate son of these informal family members, comparedwith the Tang and Song dynasties in ancient society, the Qin and Han Dynasties wives status difference isnot very great, I also enjoy a certain property right of inheritance, but, son, son-in-law. Illegitimate son afterthe property is not as fully after the Tang and song dynasties.Chinese ancient nature of property ownership is the main performance of the "patrimonialism". In the"fortune" system, family property for public property, on the principle of exclusion of any family memberhas exclusive rights to the property, but the power structure is within the family of inequality, father withstrong power sometimes property to undermine legitimate heirs inherit the right to expect the behavior, thisaction has no effect by law, mainly to see as the representative of the state power and admit it or not. On theQin and Han Dynasties situation, national laws on father free disposition’s behavior is the identity, thenreflect the free disposition of property inheritance system also exist.During the Qin and Han Dynasties family is no longer a pure blood, kinship organizations, in thefamily of the exterior was shrouded in a layer of public power. Effect of as one of the family order contentof family inheritance will be subject to the authority of the state of. On the whole, the family is thecontinuous development of the Qin and Han Dynasties, family development, the family concept gradually, have certain connection appear this kind of situation and Han nation in different periods of the familypolicy. And Han national family policy on family succession indirect influence produced by differentcountries, the Qin and Han Dynasties opposed the legislation, embodies the active intervention of identityinheritance of the Qin and Han Dynasties, this is in stark contrast to indirect control of property inheritance.
Keywords/Search Tags:Qin and Han Dynasty, Family Inheritance, Status Inheritance, Headship Inheritance, The Rankof Nobility Inheritance, Householder Inheritance
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