The Foundation Of The Christian Doctrine And Its Division In The Second Century

This paper tries to prove that the formation and development of Christianity were closely related to the being of civilizations in Mediterranean. There were different civilizations before Christianity spread. People who had different context of civilization had the different opinions about the same faith, made different plans, put forward different requirements. All of these caused that Christianity was consisted of different sects but not a whole at the beginning, the form of Christianity was one unity with multipolarity constitution. In fact, Christianity can be seen as the result of the process of unification of Mediterranean: as well as Hellenization in the eastern Mediterranean, the unification of Mediterranean finished by Rome caused there was a demand of universalism among Mediterranean world. But at the same time, the unification did not make the different civilizations in Mediterranean really disappeared. Different civilizations still existed, and further affected the integration of Mediterranean in their own way. For instance, in eastern Mediterranean, the "faith" from Judaism and the "rational" from Greek culture combined together, constitutes the basic elements of Christianity. And in Syria, Judaizing did not make a large impact, thus Marcion who was the represent of Syria sect claimed to sever the relationship between Christian and Jewish factors; While in western Mediterranean, where the impact of "rational" factor is not as large as eastern, therefore the style of Tertullian is different from the eastern apologies. Thus, different civilizations are the basis of different denominations, and the civilization is a steadier factor in history.