| In this dissertation, the author aims to describe and interpret Raymond Aron’s philosophy of history, and further to consider the association and differences between history and philosophy.Aron’s Reflections on the Philosophy of History began with his two doctoral thesis, which, by the aide of the German historical thought, are to criticize the historical determinism. From 1940 to 1960, thought being a full-time reporter and commentator, the question of the philosophy of history still occupied his thought. Moreover, his social and political activity is with the manifestation of his philosophy. Thus doing, he hoped to maintain an appropriate position between agency and history. It is appropriate to say that Aron’s philosophy of history has finally achieved its full configuration in mid-1960s, when he went back to the campus, and reflected on his past thoughts.This dissertation is designed for six parts:The first part introduces the background of the philosophy of history, analyzes the relationship between history and philosophy, and describes the source of the philosophy of history generally.The second part introduces Aron’s philosophy of history. (That is to say, how we could get back from the analysis of the history of philosophy to the German Historicism and the Phenomenology.)The third and fourth parts interpret Aron’s philosophy of history. The third part explains Verstehen(understanding), which is the core of historical interpretation; the fourth part discusses the "reconstruction of the history world."The fifth part discusses several challenges to Aron’s philosophy of history, especially from Leo Strauss. The debate between classical conservatism and classical liberalism renews the ancient problem of history. Part sixth is the summary and the expansion, which further reveals the relationship between the history and philosophy. |
