| Vietnam, my country, has many Overseas Chinese as well. Chinese immigrants in Vietnam have maintained countless connection with China. Since ancient time, Vietnam has had very close relations with China, and Confucianism has a deep influence. Currently, talking about the Overseas Chinese in Vietnam, scholarly research on Vietnam’s Chinese used to separate this area of study out of the Vietnamese political history. They discuss, at some length, each period of Chinese policy in Vietnam in detailed, with a deep analysis; but they generally have a lack of perspectives and macro-theories. Vietnam scholars focus mainly on social and economic development of Vietnam, and discuss deeply about Overseas Chinese economy status, Chinese ethnic and social problems with locals (Vietnamese), but about Vietnam’s Overseas Chinese and the1911Revolution there are no specialized works on this research area. Therefore, the Overseas Chinese in Vietnam and1911Revolution studies are a new area to be exploited. This dissertation makes an effort to stand in the position of Overseas Chinese in Vietnam; the Overseas Chinese in Vietnam as the research object, researching comprehensively and thoroughly the Overseas Chinese in Vietnam and1911Revolution problems.A systematic study on the basis of the Overseas Chinese in Vietnam through the Xinhai Revolution evolution, from a macroscopic level of the Xinhai Revolution, some key problems in its process, the relation between China and Vietnam, and the intrinsic link between Overseas Chinese and Vietnamese people (in Vietnam) and Sun Yat-sen are the issues to explore in order to help Chinese Studies in Vietnam. I also expect to bring into light the relationship between Overseas Chinese in Vietnam and Xinhai Revolution, to strengthen research on Overseas Chinese and1911Revolution history. In this dissertation I use researching on history’s theory and methodology, based on literature analysis and empirical analysis; appropriate use of international relations; diplomacy theory and methodology; interpretation of trilateral relations between China, France, Vietnam; reconstruction of Overseas Chinese in Vietnam and1911Revolution historical reality, to extent the theory, discussion and profound thinking about this area. The main contents on this dissertation are:First, the study of Overseas Chinese situation, and their social and economic status, their contribution in Vietnam’s economy based on previous research results and further addition on new materials before the1911Revolution-especially during the period of French Ruling in Vietnam-; historical background and causes of the migration of Chinese people to Vietnam; Overseas Chinese social, economic and cultural contribution to Vietnam, Vietnamese French colonialist government’s policy about Overseas Chinese and other aspects discussed before the Revolution of the Chinese Community in Vietnam. This research starts from a macro evolution of the situation to some of the key issues to make a historical perspective, and thus to explore the intrinsic relation between Vietnam and the Overseas Chinese people and Overseas Chinese localization policy.Second, based on rich Chinese, Vietnamese and French literature materials, especially original documents in Vietnam’s archives, to analyze history’s theory and methodology; empirical analysis of China, France and Vietnam triangular relations before the1911Revolution, through a profound investigation of Sun Yat-sen’s relationship with Overseas Chinese in Vietnam. Sun Yat-sen carried out a long-term revolutionary activity in Vietnam and its Overseas Chinese, inspired the revolutionary consciousness of Overseas Chinese in Vietnam, improved the cohesion of patriotic Overseas Chinese in Vietnam. Sun made great efforts in order to enhance the modern democratic revolution Overseas Chinese in Vietnam. The majority of them added to Sun’s revolution and supported him. Researching on Sun Yat-sen’s activities in Vietnam before the Xinhai Revolution not only enrich our ideas of Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary activities and knowledge, but also give a deeper understanding of Sun Yat-sen’s contacts and exchanges with Overseas Chinese Vietnamese. Its main features are:Sun Yat-sen own distinct personality and charm, to arouse the feelings of Overseas Chinese national patriotism in Vietnam, the revolutionary mobilization of the majority of patriotic overseas Chinese, and the enthusiasm for "Overseas Chinese are the mother of the Chinese Revolution" provides compelling historical evidence.The change in attitude of Chinese in Vietnam and the increasing in their revolutionary political consciousness, and the active support of Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary cause, inspired and encouraged by Sun, made the Tong Meng Hui party fundraised and transferred its headquarters, so that Vietnam had become the headquarters and the source of the revolution. For Chinese Vietnamese, Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary cause has undoubtedly laid the material basis and mass basis.However, Sun Yat-sen aroused the Chinese national consciousness and stimulated the process of revolutionary fervor overseas, Overseas Chinese overestimate the revolutionary forces in Vietnam. They proposed unrealistic economic requirements, while continuing to organize military action, which to some extent, affected not only the enthusiasm of Chinese revolutionaries, but also affected the Revolution objective process.Third, I try to emphasis Overseas Chinese active support and participation in Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary cause, shown by their concerted efforts to end their national crisis, made donations to help Sun and many other contributions to Sun’s revolutionary cause, therefore fully embodied the Chinese spirit of patriotism.In view that there are not many researches on this problem, this dissertation is focus on Overseas Chinese in Vietnamese position and role in the Revolution and its main purpose is to expand discussion on this area, so that relation between Sun and Overseas Chinese in Vietnam played an important historical role. I refer to the large number of documents, with more than two chapters to discuss the issue, and also about Overseas Chinese organizations in Vietnam, the rise of public opinion’s positions, its evolution, of internal mechanisms and the status of the Revolution have made possible a thorough research and analysis. In addition, comprehensive information is also made available thanks to the "Chinese Alliance Tables Organization in Vietnam","The Revolution main contributions of Vietnamese Overseas List" and "Participation in the Uprising at the expense of Overseas Chinese Tables" for making the comprehensive information detailed and clear. It not only reflects the author’s research results, but also the people responsible for the treasured information provided.For more content, the author discusses some important aspects:(1) the Overseas Chinese support of their country and collaboration for the construction of the Revolution; to promote unity and solidarity of overseas Chinese in Vietnam; a strong impetus of the development of Chinese culture and education; widely spread bourgeoisie ideas. On this basis, the impact of these in Vietnam’s Overseas Chinese strengthened the generation of ideas, and indeed increased their concept of patriotism and national consciousness. This is the most important social impact from Vietnam’s Overseas Chinese in the Xinhai Revolution;(2) Emphasizing the tremendous impact of Xinhai Revolution’s victory in Vietnam’s political, ideological, organizational, operational contexts Wuchang Uprising directly inspired the launching of the Vietnamese liberation movement, which I propose my own insights to it. Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary theory influenced a group of Vietnamese patriots, such as the Pan Peizhu and Ho Chi Minh, the revolutionary theory of Sun guide them and actively look at it as the salvation road, and later applied Sun Yat-sen’s theory and practice of revolution in China to Vietnam, to guide the revolutionary struggle of the Vietnamese;(3) This dissertation investigates as widely as possible the relationship between1911Revolution and Vietnam, the relationship between Vietnam’s Overseas Chinese and Sun as not simply a relationship between the two, but a reflect of the historical relationship between Vietnam and its international environment. Due to limited space, this dissertation comprises the historical background of Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary activities in Vietnam, such as:relations between Vietnam in that period (Modern age) and Sun’s own accounts and records of changes.Because of the historical materials are very limited, research on Vietnam’s Overseas Chinese and the Revolution of Vietnam is still inadequate, but I hoped that this dissertation and research questions can bring some contribution to it. This question is not only for the history of Overseas Chinese in Vietnam, but also for the1911Revolution, Chinese Revolution History and Vietnam-China relations, but it made a multi-dimensional, multi-angle investigation, and at the same time I give attention to related issues about history research and current situations. In this sense, this dissertation or the research on the history of Overseas Chinese in Vietnam,1911Revolution, researching on the relationship between Vietnam and China provide some easement and will also bring some reference for the teaching and research of Chinese Modern History. Due to space limitations, I cannot introduce widely many important results on this research and comment them in detail; the other limitation is the level of one person’s research, in choosing the dissertation results, arguments, quotations, contents, table of content, etc. Shortcomings or mistakes are inevitable; therefore I look forward eagerly the reader’s pointing of any rectification.In short, I hope that through this research I can bring increasingly some efforts to improve the Vietnam’s Overseas Chinese history, contribute in more evaluations mechanism on Vietnam and China relations, and bringing benefits and making a new understanding and interpretation of Vietnamese-Chinese Modern History complexity. |
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