| With the development of glocalization and social informatization, the world economy is transforming into service-oriented deeply. Language has become the power of a country and plays a vital role in national security. The social functions of language and the strategic significance of language planning are more and more important. Under the influence of economic integration and urbanization, speech community has been complicated faster and a series of language problems appear in China, such as the identity confusion and ability declination of mother tongue, language chaos caused by the language revelry of We-media era and so on.Under that background, the national language development program (2012-2020) sets the goals to be fulfilled until 2020:significantly enhancing the national language strength, improving the national language ability and developing harmonious language life. To improve the national language ability is a quantifiable target which is a factor of the overall national strength, and to construct harmonious language life is an unquantifiable target which represents the management of language ecology. Achieving these goals need scientific design and optimization of corpus planning system. This is a basic research on contemporary language corpus planning from the perspective of the formation mechanism. It combined both diachronic and synchronic methods to study the development trend of the contemporary language corpus planning.Firstly this research tries to create a theoretical framework, which discusses the elements of corpus planning and the formation mechanism of language planning. Under this framework, corpus planning practices are described by three stages, according to the information database of contemporary corpus planning. Based on the synchronic description, it discusses the evolution characteristics and trend of contemporary corpus planning, and analyzes its existing disadvantages. Finally, it puts forward some proposals about the development of corpus planning.The formation of language planning is based on language practices of speech community, with the influence of language ideology. Language ideology, language practice and language planning are three parts of language planning system, and the interaction of them constitutes the basic formation mechanism of language planning. Language ideology affects corpus planning through the view of language planning indirectly, and language-related public opinion is the concentrated reflection of language practice. The view of language planning, language-related public opinion and corpus planning are three main clues to study language corpus planning from the perspective of formation mechanism.Corpus planning is the core of language planning system, because it may focus on maintaining the stability of language structure system and promoting the development of language functions. Corpus planning mainly includes policy planning and cultivation planning. The main content of policy planning includes corpus standardization, auxiliary code standard and domain language standardization, while the three research areas of cultivation planning are purification, modernization and globalization. With the promotion of Language-related Public Opinion, the development of contemporary corpus planning went through three stages, including language standardization, language informatization or language informatization, and non-obligatory specification construction. The rudimental system was formed in the first stage and large-scale achievements appeared in the second stage, while the concept of language planning was changed in the third stage.The research shows that the view of language planning has changed twice from problem-oriented to resource-oriented and to service-oriented at last. All the changes had a profound influence on the content, standard and foundation of corpus planning. The most important theoretical innovation is’the three-level system of language standardization’, which includes publication system of language situation report in macro level, levelization of language standardization in meso level which is realized by putting forward New language specification types " non-obligatory specification", and "recommended standards" that are adopted in micro level。For policy planning, standardization outcomes are ordered in number as follows: character>lexis>grammar>phonetics. To be specific, the same language standardization has a higher percentage of updating; Auxiliary Code Standard is concentrated on the first stage of corpus planning; Domain language standardization has been on a surge after the second stage, covering various areas. Although it’s still unsystematic and shows different emphasis at different stages, it has formed the merit of practicability and instantaneity now.Cultivation Planning has both covert and overt forms with the latter on a gradual rise; language purification informs the whole planning process, with overt planning mainly featured by classifing types inside or outside the language system. Language modernization is on a clear thread:in lexical modernization, new words are filtrated and selected, forming a three-step advancing model; the stylistic modernization is reflected in a top-down mode; terminology planning moves forward along two clues:the revision of scientific and technical terminology and rules of terminology work; language internalization has been through three stages: establishing the international status of Chinese language; enabling ’Hanyu Pinyin Fangan’to be upgraded into international spelling standard and participating in the international standard construction of Chinese character information technology encoding.The three major issues associated with the current corpus planning are missing connection between inside and outside, imbalance in content and inadequate effects in implementation. Missing connection is mainly manifest in the disjoint between corpus planning and status and acquisition planning, leading to deficiency in corresponding prestige. Imbalance in content includes:weakness in cultivation planning goes against the updating and implementing of policy planning; domain language standardization is insufficient to cater for the appeal of language life; language elements are disequilibrium with grammar standardization ranging from strict conformity to loose and an incomplete coverage of lexical standardization; language purification planning is insufficient. Inadequate effects in implementation are typically evident in the low publicity of planning achievements, lack of control in language vulgarization and negligence of the phenomena "regular violation of language standardization"Based on Language-related Public Opinion, this research proposes that corpus planning optimization and advances should proceed along three aspects:defining the new outlook on language planning, optimizing corpus planning system and improving corpus planning effects.The view of mother tongue planning contributes to the maintenance of national language and cultural security, control over language planning system, cultivation of language-related affection and raising identification of corpus planning; Only by establishing a service philosophy of language planning, can we help to render basic services to our society and accord with language service development. We should not only elaborate the implications of it, distinguishing service functions on different levels, but also implement it in practice, putting language service management into the agenda of national language committee.For system optimization, the premise is to follow the principles of systematical planning and regional planning, avoid disjunction and planning waste, and to make community and hierarchical planning; the emphasis is to design balanced contents of planning, including improving domain language standardization, broadening a international vision of language planning, forming a dynamic mechanism of language purification and modernization, reestablishing lexical and grammar standards and updating their models.To improve the effects of corpus planning is restricted by multiple factors, and innovation is essential. This research advocate to analysis the superiority and inferiority of the language facility in speech community, studies the standardization of’speech’instead of language’, and attempts to apply the theory of Signal-noise-ratio.There are 10 chapters in this thesis. Chapter 1 is introduction of research background, significance, theories and methods. Chapter 2 is review of present research and analysis of literatures. Chapter 3 is theoretical construction which elaborates the formation mechanism of language planning. Chapter 4-6 is synchronic description of contemporary corpus planning. Chapter 7 is analysis of development trend of corpus planning, which is based on data statistics and theoretical analysis. Chapter 8 is discussion of disadvantages of corpus planning which is integrated with corpus planning survey. Chapter 9 is analysis of theoretical and practical assumptions to optimize and develop corpus planning under We-media era backward.Chapter 10 is epilogue, which introduces the main research conclusions and points out the shortages and prospects abaut the research. |
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