The Movement To Abolish The Unequal Treaties And Republic Of China’s Politics(1919-1931)

The movement to abolish the unequal treaties started in 1919, it created important impact to the Republican’s politics. This text has three parts to discuss this problem, that is introduction, main body and conclusion.The introduction part introduces the meaning of choosing the topic and the present situation of study in this field, puts forward my own research methods and research train of thought, explains the innovation and shortage in this text, and elaborates the concept and characteristics of the movement to abolish the unequal treaties, national movement, nationalism, and some other problems.The main body is divided into ten chapters.The first chapter analyzes political environment of the movement to abolish the unequal treaties. To participate in the First World War and the Paris Peace Conference, provide a strong platform and political atmosphere for the movement to abolish unequal treaties. Declaration of the Soviet Union to China, enhance the pursuit of national independence and national confidence in political democracy. National Assembly during the May Fourth Movement and the strong denunciation of the national aspirations provided the broad mass for the movement.The second chapter discusses the rise phase of the movement’s political comprehensive denunciation on the North and South. The demands of abolition the unequal treaties caused by Paris Peace Conference and the Washington Conference. It’s a good opportunities to attempt a unified both of North and South. Meanwhile, the dispute was entangled points north and south. Internal affairs division, to a certain extent, restricted the Beijing government spent about diplomacy effective.The third chapter, mainly on the movement’s influence to Beijing government’s internal affairs. Sino-Japanese negotiations on the issue of Shandong has become a major political force battle an excuse, it’s the first direct instructions from the fuse of the interior war. Beijing Manchurian government was led both in the national government under the pressure of trying to speed the pace of the movement to abolish the unequal treaties at the same time, because of complex domestic and international situation and powerless. Local forces, such as Feng Yuxiang, Sun Chuan-fang, who’s spent about the attitudes and view reflect the changes in their political views on the political situation also had a corresponding impact.Chapter IV discusses the policy of the Chinese Communist Party’s denunciation of the Chinese revolution. Communist Party to overthrow the warlords denunciation against imperialism and Beijing government. CCP called the public about anti imperialist as an important way of the movement to abolish the unequal treaties, highlighting the KMT campaign about the role of the movement, and promoted the development of a national revolution. During low tide in the Revolutionary, CCP insisted about the anti-imperialist and against the Kuomintang, although the movement to abolish the unequal treaties and the revolutionary movement suffered some setbacks, but still provided for the national democratic revolution for thought. CCP pointed out the revolution forward, and achieved the final victory.Chapter V analyzes the Soviet denunciation of Foreign Affairs of China’s politics. On the one hand, Russia’s policy was promoting the spread of Marxism-Leninism in China. On the other hand, the Soviet Union and the Communist International’s policies and the Chinese Communist Party’s anti imperialist strategy go hand in hand denunciation of the Chinese’s revolution and had a positive message. Different classes and strata of the representations made about the Soviet Union spent a mixed reaction, but also because of needle between the two parties and the Soviet Union, China set off a wave of great debate and political struggle of "Communist takeover" and against the "Communist takeover".Chapter VI discusses interactions of the movement to abolish the unequal treaties and the development of KMT, and the National Government’s forces. KMT spent about anti imperialist revolution and the Northern Expedition to the importance of the national flag, supported by the majority of the people, basically became the country’s central legitimacy. Despite got opposition by the central government, but some by adjusting the diplomacy of abolishing the unequal treaties, the Nanjing Government received the recognition of foreign powers, and got stability of its political status.Chapter VII, mainly discusses the mechanism on the Government Organizations of denunciation and its influence on politics. Government to set up a formal organization, to help the Government’s policy to abolish the unequal treaties, has played an important advisory role. Various non-government organizations, also organized a strong collaborative, external struggles for national rights. They strived for democracy and the development of the national revolution, played important role in promoting the movement and the revolution.Chapter VIII, mainly discusses the knowledge level’s attitudes to the movement of abolishing the unequal treaties and the Council’s concern. Knowledge stratum advocated "first in the outer", or "first post outside ", or intense, or mild denunciation of ideas. Their attentions were changed to North-South Council, government and the KMT’s position, it had big impact on the powers to be judge, reflecting the intellectual and political democracy on the national unity of desire.Chapter IX, mainly analysis the National Assembly spent about the movement to abolish the unequal treaties and sports events and the tragedy caused by the relationship between the patriotic movement. CCP, KMT and the general public about the movement of the National Assembly’s motion, jointly promoted the launching of the National Congress Movement, set off a wave of political democracy requires. Caused by the tragic events Patriotic Movement, whose main content is to abolish the unequal treaties, not only to promote the movement to abolish the unequal treaties to the depth, but also promoted the development of the national revolution.Chapter X, mainly analysis the struggle of the movement to abolish the unequal treaties in the area of economic and cultural. Boycott Movement, Cargo Movement, the struggle Chamber of Commerce, non-Christian movement, the educational rights movement and so on, were both important parts of the movement to abolish the unequal treaties. And, these movements affected the economic and cultural development of the Republic of China, were also great political struggle significances.Conclusion part discusses the interaction of nationalism, the movement to abolish the unequal treaties and Republic of China’s politics. Denunciation or not, it’s an important indicator of "Enlightenment" and "unjust" chips of people to judge political forces. And also, it’s important criteria to judge populace and the knowledge stratum’s political attitude.