On The Dialectic Spirit In The "Chinese Miracle"

The concept of "Chinese miracle" was first brought forward as an academic term in1994by Lin Yifu, the top economist of World Bank. The ever-increasing connotation of the concept covers three aspects. Firstly, among the several decades of countries in which the economic transformation had been realized by the end of20th century, China remained the only one that didn’t suffer economic depression and made great progress in the performance of transformation. Secondly, an ever-lasting high speed economic growth, unprecedented in the history of world economy, has emerged in China. Thirdly, China economy remained potential and powerful even in the global economic crisis of2008.The domestic and overseas scholars have given many profound viewpoints to interpret the cause of "Chinese miracle". In recent years the western scholars are so much concerned about the rise of China that they make Chinese experiences their academic hotspots. While the western economists take Chinese economic miracle as an important subject to make research on, Chinese economists are putting forward theoretical interpretations of Chinese economic growth from their perspectives and reflecting on the spiritual power of economic theory and its policy advice that encourage the economic miracle. Although scholars from China and foreign countries, by composing a large number of valuable academic works, give commentations from the perspectives of transforming economics, political economics, development economics and politics, yet subject limitation still exists in their commentations.Therefore, it is necessary and meaningful to give a philosophical analysis of "Chinese miracle". Since "Chinese miracle" is not only an economic phenomenon but also related with China’s system change resulted in reform and opening-up, any single subject fails to give a comprehensive commentation. China’s economic growth for the past30years proves that "the new time of reform and opening-up" starts a time for the rise of China. As the essence of time spirit, philosophy is the only subject to explain the great miracle from a macroscopic perspective.Marx said,"Any true philosophy is the essence of its time spirit". The essence of Marxist Philosophy lies in that it reveals its character through the historical logic of dialectics and that its practical materialism is rooted in life world. Thus, Marxist philosophy is the philosophy of time spirit with realistic purport. As the essence of time spirit, Marxist philosophy could only be correctly understood from the perspective of dialectics, while dialectics could be understood from the perspective of time spirit. As the world is a process aggregation in the dialectic visual threshold, China’s economic miracle is a great historical process.The emergence of China’s economic miracle has been achieved in the course of reform and opening-up program instructed by Chinese government. The change of ideology provides a theoretical premise for the reform and opening-up policy. A return to materialist dialectics from metaphysical dogmatism and "metaphysical" dialectics is the methodology trajectory of ideology change. In this sense,"Chinese miracle" embodies the dialectical thinking in practice.Dialectics should be promoted theoretically in the comprehension of and reflection on "Chinese miracle". Marxist dialectics can’t be treated as abstract way of survival with no sense of history, nor as dogmatic thinking model, nor as philistine omnipotence label. Only when dialectics is taken as the essence of the time spirit and its spirit character is revealed, can history logic be entitled with flesh and blood, and can the great practice of30years’reform and opening-up be explained.Bearing both positive and negative qualities, Hegelian dialectics shouldn’t be comprehended as negative one, which is inconformity with the "nature of dialectics" Hegelian dialectics shouldn’t be simply treated as thesis, antithesis and synthesis in logic program. Precisely speaking, dialectics is the embodiment of Hegelian speculative system.By critically inheriting Hegelian dialectics, Marx combines both positive and negative dialectics. As the essence of time spirit, Marx’s dialectics cannot but contain both positive and negative characters. Which character plays a leading role depends on social and historical progress and historical duty. If the dialectics in China’s revolutionary period presents a negative character, the philosophy in reform and opening-up period takes on the tendency that the negative character of materialist dialectics is turning to positive.The3rd Session of the11th CPC Meeting in1978established the strategic policy of centering on economic development, realizing the ideology paradigm transitting from centering on politics, revolution and dogmatism to the focus on economy, reform and reality. The new ideology paradigm, as the core spirit of the past30years’reform and opening-up, reflects the change and the reality of present China. The methodology groundwork under the ideology paradigm transitting confirms again the positive dimension of materialist dialectics and presents a shift of dialectical spirit from negative character to positive character.Marxist philosophy is the philosophical foundation of the ideology of CPC. The dialectical spirit turning from negative to positive lays methodology foundation for the ideology paradigm transitting. The new ideology paradigm serves as guideline for the reform and opening-up program and as theoretical measures and methodological criterions for government strategy and policy to enhance economy, for setting up the mode of socialist market economy, for executing stock and distributing reforms, for establishing the guideline of "one country, two systems" and for building up harmonious world and society. It is the theoretical innovation and policy choice that leads to China’s great economic miracle.