America's Allies Study Of Anti-americanism

As a unique worldwide political phenomenon, anti-Americanism occurred evenbefore the foundation of the U.S.. From the European intellectual elite’s despise onAmerican cultural to development of worldwide anti-Americanism after the cold war,anti-Americanism can be attributed to ideology and hegemonic policies and actions ofthe U.S., change in international political structure and internal situation of relatedcountries. Anti-Americanism complicates the relationship between the U.S. andrelated countries. In-depth analysis suggests that anti-Americanism did not occur inhostile countries only and that anti-Americanism of the allies of the U.S. has existedfor a long time, exerting great influence on the world structure. Research on the typesof anti-Americanism, including anti-Americanism of American allies, enables us tohave a clear and thorough understanding of anti-Americanism and to make a sensiblejudgment on the development of the relationships between the U.S. and its allies.The focus of the present research is the three types of anti-Americanism in theallies of the U.S., South Korea, France and Canada. The findings are as follows: InSouth Korea there is masses-issue-oriented anti-Americanism. It is the protest againstand resistance to American hegemonic policies and some particular unacceptableactions, which is issue-oriented. Participants of anti-Americanism are mainly commonpeople in South Korea. Anti-Americanism in France is elite-culture-oriented. This ismanifested in the elite’s despise on America and American culture in the early stageand their later resistance to the invasion of American mass culture. The French elitehave been the proponents of anti-Americanism all the time. In Canada there isnation-identity-oriented anti-Americanism. Canada and the U.S. are neighboringcountries. Possible absorption by the U.S. with American continentalism and possibleintegration with the U.S with American integration policy have aroused a keen senseof insecurity in Canadians. The whole nation consisting of different nationalities havebecome the major actor of anti-Americanism. Their aim is to protect their nation andgain identity. Anti-Americanism of the allies of the U.S. is markedly different in major actor,purpose, manifestation, cause and rationality. However, the common feature ofanti-Americanism in these countries is that they want to challenge the dominant roleof the U.S and establish relationships on an equal footing. Althoughanti-Americanism of American allies makes the relationships between the U.S. andits allies diverse and complicated, it is less severe than that of other anti-Americancountries. The influence of anti-Americanism on bilateral relationships between theU. S. and its allies is limited, unable to affect their common practical benefits.Anti-Americanism will not undermine or disintegrate American alliance system. Itonly drives the U.S. to change its relationships with its allies.