The Study Of Bing Yinyang In Pre-Qin Dynasty

This paper mainly focuses on Bing Yinyang, with the time period of pre-Qin period. Research methods are literature handed down from ancient times combined with archaeological materials. Bing Yinyang first appeared in the book Han Yi Wen Zhi. The so-called Bing Yinyang is a branch of the ancient military science with the application of Shushu and witchcraft in military field.The article is divided into five chapters to study the related problems of Bing Yin yang in pre-Qin.Firstly, the author aims at the significance of topic choosing, the review of the related research results of Bing Yinyang, the problems and further research as well. The main materials used are the ancient military and academic books, and the recent years of the Warring States period unearthed bamboo and silk materials. This paper adopts the double evidence law to collect relevant information from a variety of ancient and unearthed literature and mutual reference, using the research methods of induction and comprehensive analysis.Next, the origin of Bing Yin Yang is to be studied. Bing Yinyang originated from the Western Han Dynasty, but the history and origin of Bing Yinyang are much earlier. Bing Yinyang stress time selection, punishment and virtue, astronomy, five line phase Sheng, spirits method involving numerology, witchcraft and the Yin Yang theory. Therefore, in order to understand the Bing Yinyang, to know its origin, it is necessary to understand the witchcraft, divination, yin and Yang and the five elements and the Yin Yang school, to clarify the basic content, the historical development and the relationship among them. This paper gives the definition of witchcraft, analyzes the types of the pre-Qin period of witchcraft, discusses the development and variation characteristics before Spring and Autumn period of witchcraft. During Spring and Autumn and the Warring States period, academic thoughts and various astrological developed rapidly, with the belief of ghosts and gods as the basic characteristic of traditional witchcraft gradually changing into Shushu. Later, Yin Yang and the five elements became the basis and the great power of the special development of Shushu. Hence, the term Bing Yinyang appeared. Bing Yinyang from the Warring States period and Qin Han period were similar in nature. Strictly speaking, they were different in reasoning and stating, but the same system on the whole. By analyzing the concepts of Bing Yinyang defined in Han Yi Wen Zhi, the author proves that Bing Yinyang is a special group among military strategists, with its characteristic of guiding the wars and military activities through a variety of Yin Yang and the five elements of number and supernatural witchcraft method. Bing Yinyang, witchcraft, numerology, yin and Yang derived from the same origin.Chapters Three or Four mainly discuss the specific forms and contents of Bing Yinyang, including prediction such as the divination, astronomy and meteorology, wind accounted for accounted for bird, dream and temperament of the miscellaneous accounts; defense such as time for, Xing Dezhan, type, geography, military accounted for accounted for sacrifice, to curse curse, avoiding soldiers surgery, etc. The characteristic, the numerology in military application principle and practical application of these forces of yin and Yang and the common development and changes are mainly analyzed here.Lastly, the effect of Bing Yinyang is discussed. Bing Yin and Yang thought has influenced the pre-Qin military directly. It has affected the occurrence of war, process and outcome. At the same time, these ideas have also influenced the military equipment, such as uniforms, flags, weapons. The clergy or full-time academic officials were with the army. Also the generals were supposed to know various prediction practice divination method. Bing Yin and Yang ideas has also influenced the ancient military thoughts, e.g. in the art of war, Wu Zi’s art of war, Sima, Sun Bin’s art of war. Criticism, indirect or direct, and doubt of Bing Yinyang thought have always been together with the prosperity of Bing Yinyang. Criticism of Bing Yinyang has limited its spread and development, eventually leading to the decline of Bing Yinyang. By discarding the false and retaining the true through constant practice, military science of traditional materialism is eventually established. Meanwhile, materialism development of Chinese ancient philosophy and political thought are promoted. However, there are also shortcomings and limitations to the criticism of Bing Yinyang. Firstly, it is not thorough enough; secondly, criticism of Bing Yinyang itself lack strong scientific support; finally, the rulers and military generals advocated "enchant", resulting in Chinese traditional military science never getting away from the deep influence of superstition. The attitude of countries toward soldiers Yin and Yang are with two sides. On the one hand, rule the country by the popular superstition. On the other hand, take strict control of various military academic activities. Bing Yinyang has produced a profound influence on ancient China military history, cultural history and political history with anti-astrological superstition and so on.