A Study On American Compulsory Education Finance

Compulsory Education Finance refers to the process of how the government financing, distribution and management of education funds and other educational resources for the establishment, maintenance and development of primary and secondary schools. It is the allocation and use of funds in order to provide educational services and promote students’ academic achievement. According to the development of American compulsory education finance, the main research of "American compulsory education finance" is on raising, configuration, management and legal protection of compulsory education finance in the United States.At present, it is an urgent need to establish and improve compulsory education finance system in China, and the problems of compulsory education finance are still prominent. In the early 20th century, it had been realized that compulsory education had basically been universal and equal opportunity for admission initially in most regions in the United States. As an important development means of compulsory education, compulsory education finance plays a huge role in compulsory education reform toward a more balanced opportunities, more excellent quality and choice expanding. It is state functions to develop compulsory education in American, and we can learn from the development experience of states compulsory finance. So what are the financial characteristics of modern American compulsory education? What can we learn from the experience? It is the main content of this study.In this study, the literature and case study analysis are used, combined with statistical analysis of financial data of the modern American compulsory education. The main idea is "characteristics and experiences of compulsory education finance in the United States- compulsory financial problems in China- how to solve the problems of Compulsory Education Finance in China." The financing, configuration, management and legal protection of compulsory education finance are focusing on.There are seven sections in this paper:In the introduction, reasons of the major research problems are analyzed, the structure, financing, configuration, management and legal protection of American compulsory education finance are reviewed, and the design of this study is described.In the first part, the financing of American compulsory financial sources is analyzed. Financing sources of American compulsory education finance is diverse, but its main source is property tax. Financial capacity and financial effort is an important factor affecting the financing of the American compulsory education.In the second part, financial configuration of the American compulsory education is analyzed. The core philosophy is equity, and the new trend of configuration of modern American compulsory education finance is adequate. Adequate of education finance is that the configuration is linked to student academic achievement, and there is no uniform method to calculate it currently. Configuration, functions, and features of compulsory education finance of the American federal, state and local government are studied, and the important issues in the current configuration of the compulsory education finance faced by the United States are reviewed.In the third part, financial management of the American compulsory education is analyzed. The research shows that the financial budgeting is science, autonomy and democracy. The implementation of American compulsory education budget is specifications. And the evaluation is strict.In the fourth part, financial law of the American compulsory education is studied. The United States Constitution provides that education is a function of the state. The state has the right to levy taxes for education, and the compulsory education finance is mainly from real estate taxes. The goal of configuration of American compulsory education finance is equity, adequate and freedom. Configuration and management is based on the equal protection clause.In the fifth part, through the in-depth analysis of American financial development of compulsory education, the characteristics of financing, configuration, management and legal protection of modern American compulsory education are summed up. Powers and responsibility of financing American compulsory education are unification, and sources are diverse. Although financial investment in compulsory education is the responsibility of the State, the federal government is also increasing financial investment in compulsory education; Configuration of American compulsory financial more fully reflects the equity and adequate; American compulsory financial management system is more perfect; and the management is conducted according to financial law.In the sixth part, the achievements of China’s Compulsory Education Finance were summarized, problems of compulsory financial and suggestions to improve compulsory education in China finances were focused on. data of funding for education, survey and interview is analyzed to tease out the outstanding issues of compulsory education finance, including statutory compulsory financial mobilization "growth" can not be guaranteed, inadequate investment in new money for education, special funds to local matching funds are not available and other issues; the issues relevant policy of configuration are that compulsory financial investment to rural areas has not been effectively implemented, the gap of regional and urban-rural is obvious; issues of management are that budgeting is unscientific, budget execution is not strictly, the lack of effective supervision and so on; issues of legal protection are the lack of systematicness, operability, mandatory, supervision and accountability. Through the revelation of American compulsory education finance, combined with our financial problems of compulsory education, the reasonable suggestions of reforming and improving compulsory education financial system in China are put forward. The suggestions are that funding for compulsory education is further increased, allocation of compulsory education finance is scientific and rational, financial management system of compulsory education is improved, and the legal system of compulsory education finance is strengthened.